June 6 -10, 2011 NATAL CONVENTION CENTER NATAL, BRAZIL

1. RE-DESIGING BLUE ARCHIPELAGO INTENSIVE SHRIMP FARM IN MALAYSIA BIOSECURE MODULE SYSTEM COMBINED WITH BIOFLOC TECHNOLOGY Nyan Taw*, Poh Yong Thong, Ling Teck Ming, Chatree Tanabatra, Kamel Zikry Sallah & Mohd Afiq Md Razi Blue Archipelago BHD www.bluearchipelago.com June 6 -10, 2011 NATAL CONVENTION CENTER NATAL, BRAZIL

2. BACKGROUND Shrimp (L. vannamei) farming has become competitive and as such technology starting from biosecure farm design and operation system utilized is essential for sustainable production. This has been proven by re-engineering from pond base culture to module base biosecure system at a large shrimp farm in Indonesia (Nyan Taw et.al., 2007). The basic concept of biofloc technology was provided by Avnimelech (2000, 2005a&b). The system was successfully applied in commercial culture of shrimps by McIntosh (2000a, b & c, 2001), McNeil (2000), Nyan Taw (2004, 2005, 2008 & 2010). Smith et al (2007) successfully used biofloc technology on Penaeus monodon in earthen ponds in Australia. Shrimp farm biosecurity was given by Nyan Taw (2010). Successful redesigning and production using biosecurity and biofloc technology was also provided very recently by Nyan Taw (2011). Blue Archipelago intensive shrimp farm, Arca Biru SDN, is located at Kedah, northwest of Kuala Lumpur. The farm was established in early 1990s for Penaeus monodon culture. However, the farm was faced with serious viral (WSSV) outbreaks. In early 2010, the farm was re-designed from pond base to biosecure module base system including two modules lined with HDPE. For the remaining modules, only pond dikes were lined. The farm was operated with minimum water exchange, semi-biofloc and biofloc technology. The main objective of the cycle was to have a bench-mark for future production cycles as such a number of commercial trials were tried.

3. Arca Biru (BAB) Shrimp Farm, Malaysia Seawater source 2.4 KM Farm Location West Malaysia

4. 1999 THE CHANGES Module Base system CPB Lampung Modules Earthen & HDPE lined ponds (0.5ha). Recirculation system Nyan Taw WAS 2005 Bali Farmer session Nyan Taw, Shrimp Farm Indo GAA 2005 Module Base system Dipasena WM 2000 Pond Base in rows 2006 1995 Nyan Taw et al Reengineering Dipasena GAA 2008 Dipasena Pond base in rows changed to Module base operation system in 2006 – reservoirs and culture ponds NT Dec09

5. Before Re-designing – Module ? Biosecurity ? Bird scare lines Reservoir pond Reservoir pond Not used Dead WSSV shrimps after harvest – not removed Reservoir pond Reservoir pond Fish Crabs SI Canal –cannot dry Sludge center pond – not removed Out let leaks Nets – 1000 micron Sub Inlet gate - leaks Crab fence – not maintainted Nets – 1000 micron ? Out let gates - Leaks Nets – 1000 micron Black sludge now removing

6. BIOSECURITY What we are protecting from ? • Basic WSSV Characters • 1. Mass mortality: DOC <45 days • 2. Temperature >30 less prone; <29 more prone; <26 dangerous. • Onset of heavy rain (season) with low temperature trigger outbreaks. • Seasonal occurrence is well document. • 4. Virus dies in free water in 72 hours • Crustacean are carrier (crabs) – lives with virus. • 6. Virus lives in freshly dead, indefinitely in fresh processed frozen condition • Virus can live and a very few can survive after mass mortality • No evident of wind carrying WSSV from pond to pond • 9. Bacteria white patch (spots) on carapace can be mistaken as WSSV spots.

7. Arca Biru SDN BHD - Layout 2 Module HDPE + 6.5 Module HDPE At Dyke + 0.5 Module LDPE At Dyke – 9 modules Operated only 1 Module HDPE + 6 Modules HDPE at Dike – 7 modules

8. Bio-secure Module system – Arca Biru

9. Arca Biru, MalaysiaBiosecure module - after re-designed Biosecurity – crab fence & bird scare lines HDPE lined ponds with center drain, secured outlet gates & Main supply canal Pond out let gate Sub inlet 250 & 1000 micron screen net HDPE Lined secondary supply canal

10. Module Biosecurity – Water treatment system (Control WSSV) Physical barrier for viral carriers – use 250 micron screen net Chemical application – kill viral carriers. Apply crusticides Kill free water bore virus (aging) - dies in 72 hrs without host Treated water ready for use for culture (apply same procedure) Treatment Reservoirs ponds Culture ponds

11. Module Base Close Water System

12. Basic of BFT in Shrimp Farming 1. High stocking density - over 130 – 150 PL10/m2 2. High aeration – 28 to 32 HP/ha PWAs 3. Paddle wheel position in ponds 4. HDPE / Concrete lined ponds 5. Grain (pellet) 6. Molasses 7 C&N ratio >15 8. Biofloccontroled at <15 ml/L 9. Expected production 20–25 MT/ha/crop Feed & grain application and biofloc High aeration High density Biofloc Dark Vannamei Red Vannamei Bioflocs Grain pellet

14. Arca Biru (BAB) farm performance Growth Grams DoC Nyan Taw, et.al. GAA March/April 2011

16. Biofloc in shrimp farming Kg

17. Nyan Taw Shrimp farming Indonesia GAA Aug/Sep 2005

18. Acknowledgements The authors would like to sincerely thank Mr. Abu Bakar Ibrahim (CEO), Dr. Shahridan Faiez (former CEO) and Mr. Christopher Lim (COO), Blue Archipelago for their interest and support . The staff and members of Blue Archipelago, Malaysia for their diligence and hard work to make this work possible specially engineers Mr. Noorazam Ismail and Mr. Sukirno.

19. Thank You Nyan Taw and Team 7 June 2011