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Agent Systems and their Applications – a Biased Perspective

Marcin Paprzycki IEEE CS DVP http://agentlab.swps.edu.pl. Agent Systems and their Applications – a Biased Perspective. Systems Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences. Research supported by EU Project E-CAP. Introduction. Agent Technology Metaphors (1). Based on human agents

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Agent Systems and their Applications – a Biased Perspective

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  1. Marcin Paprzycki IEEE CS DVP http://agentlab.swps.edu.pl Agent Systems and their Applications – a Biased Perspective Systems Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences Research supported by EU Project E-CAP

  2. Introduction

  3. Agent Technology Metaphors (1) • Based on human agents • travel agent • insurance agent • real-estate agent • personal assistant (a.k.a. secretary) • Result  agents • have specialized knowledge • represent our interests • find / filter / customize information • P. Maes, Agents that Reduce Work and Information Overload, CACM, 37, 1994, 31-40

  4. Agent Technology Metaphors (2) • Agents as “effect” of software evolution • OO • active objects • agents • Result  agents • methodology for software creation • complex systems build out of interacting intelligent agents • ? using agent environments ? • N. R. Jennings, An agent-based approach for building complex software systems, CACM, 44 (4), 2001, 35-41

  5. Agent Technology (3) • Other agents • Bio-agents (J. Liu, 2001) • based on cellular automata / “ants” • simple behavior (no intelligence) • “intelligence”  emergent behavior • Embodied agents • Agent-robots (robo-soccer) • Agents in modeling and simulations • modeling social interactions (H. Hexmoor, 2003) • modeling crowd behavior (Bandini, 2005)

  6. What does exist? (1) • Industry • well kept industrial secrets • Mitsubishi used Concordia for ??? • Daimler-Chrysler – production flow control • prototype – 2001 • working product – 2005/06 • gain 10-20% effectiveness claimed • dynamic transport optimization • overall cost reduction – about 11% • wineries in East Australia – flow of wine • designed using agent tools • implemented using C++

  7. What does exist? (2) Academic paper content lack of regard for FIPA standards (why? better now) frameworks and UML diagrams (tedious, ?easy?) new environments (easy) screen-shots of the interface (easy) initial implementation results (almost easy) no continued implementation effort (difficult) systems with few agents only (why?)

  8. Why Few Agents Only? • Size matters! • a lot of agents - how many? • a lot of messages - how many? • Need for experiments • no “benchmarks” for agent systems • agent system “scalability” not “fashionable” • Comments • we do not try to establish “benchmarks” • just a “feeling” how large can we get?

  9. Experimental Setup • JADE 3.1 agent platform • Hardware • Sun workstations • UltraSparc III (300 MHz) + 198 Mbytes of RAM • PC’s • Pentium II (120 MHz) + 48 Mbytes of RAM • Cisco Switch • 100 Mbit/s full backplane • Other machines also tried (http://agentlab.swps.edu.pl) • K. Chmiel, M. Gawinecki, P. Kaczmarek, M. Szymczak, M. Paprzycki (2005) Efficiency of JADE Agent Platform, Scientific Programming, 13(2), 159-172 • K. Chmiel, D. Tomiak, M. Gawinecki, P. Kaczmarek, M. Szymczak, M. Paprzycki (2004) Testing the Efficiency of JADE Agent Platform. In: Proceedings of the ISPDC 2004 Conference, IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos, CA, 49-57

  10. Spamming Test (1) Computer 1 Computer 3 Spammer Spamming direction Spammer User User Computer 2 Spammer User • Each machine spammer and user • Spammers send 5000 ACL messages to all users on all machines • Users process messages • messages stored in the queue  • Message size 300 ASCI characters + ACL wrapper

  11. Time per message spamming almost “flat” / receiving practically linear 320,000 messages (100 Mbytes of data) processed (in 14 minutes) Spamming Test (2)

  12. Agents in an E-shop • MotherClient sends Clients (C) to the store • MotherShop generates Sellers for each Client • Seller and Client negotiate and report results of negotiations • Mother Clients on separate machines • Results for 30, 40, …, 120 Clients generated • Scaled to 1450+

  13. Comments On outdated hardware agent systems “scaled” to: 1400+ agents 320,000 messages We also did run 2000+ agents on better hardware All “properties” scaled linearly No restrictions related to JADE but to computer hardware and network speed Large agent systems can be implemented!

  14. End of Introduction

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