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First home-interview survey (1944)

First home-interview survey (1944). Gravity model. 1. Where do the trips p roduced in TAZ 3 go?. ?. 2. ?. 3. ?. 4. ?. 5. Gravity model equation. Attractiveness of “from” taz. Forecasted flows between zone i and zone j. =. Trips attracted to TAZ i.

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First home-interview survey (1944)

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  1. First home-interview survey (1944)

  2. Gravity model 1 Where do the trips produced in TAZ 3 go? ? 2 ? 3 ? 4 ? 5

  3. Gravity model equation Attractiveness of “from” taz Forecasted flows between zone i and zone j = Trips attracted to TAZ i Attractiveness of all tazes Attraction constrained • where, • Tripsij: trips between TAZs i and j, • Productionsi: the productions from TAZ i, • Attractionsj: the attractions to TAZ j, • Friction factor (FFij): friction factor for TAZs i and j, • Socioeconomic factor (Kij): socioeconomic adjustment factor for TAZs i and j, • i: production TAZ • i: attraction TAZ Relative attractiveness

  4. An example tree

  5. Conventional urban travel forecasting process • Includes four technical phases • Collection of data • Analysis of data • Forecasts of activity and travel • Evaluation of alternatives

  6. Travel demand forecasting – the four step model Estimating the kinds of trips generated Distributing the generated trips in space Trip generation Trip distribution deciding how trips are made in terms of modes Mode split Trip assignment Deciding the routes taken by the trips

  7. MPO: Metropolitan Planning Organization A transportation policy-making organization made of representatives from local government and transportation authorities

  8. Five core functions of MPO • Establish a setting • Evaluate alternatives • Maintain a long-range plan • Develop a short-range plan • Involve the public

  9. Products produced by MPOs

  10. Key decisions in long-range planning • Approve scope of LRTP process • Approve vision and goals • Approve evaluation criteria, methods and measures • Approve transportation deficiencies • Approve financial assumptions • Approve strategies • Approve plan scenarios • Adopt preferred plan scenario • Adopt finding of conformity by MPO • Adopt LRTP by MPO • Approve conformity analysis

  11. Conformity • Transportation investments must conform to the state implementation plan (SIP) for meeting air quality standards. • Conformity is a way to ensure that Federal funding and approval are given to those transportation activities that are consistent with air quality goals.

  12. Transportation Conformity Process Yes No Plan Revision needed SIP TIP or Emission budget Yes TCMs Perform regional analysis for plan STP Revision needed • Compare build vs. no-build • Emission budget • Timely implementation of TCMs State Conformity procedure No Transportation plan TIP conformity No Yes No Project Perform regional analysis for plan TIP Revision needed • Compare build vs. no build • Emission budget • Timely implementation of TCMs Hot Spot analysis No Project summary No Plan conformity Yes Project approval

  13. What are subject to conformity? • Transportation plans • Transportation improvement programs

  14. Who makes conformity determination?

  15. What is the frequency of conformity determination?

  16. Options to reduce emissions from vehicles • Vehicle controls • Fuel-based standards • Inspection and maintenance programs • Transportation control measures • Market-based Transportation Control Measures

  17. A multi-modal program includes: • Land use management (examples only) • Planning and zoning • Phasing and adequacy • Urban design • Mixed use • Density • Demand management (examples only) • Alternative work schedule • Pricing • Alternative modes • Alternative work locations • Employer support programs

  18. A multi-modal program includes: • Supply management • Intelligent transportation system • Transit facilities and services • Intermodal facilities • Traffic engineering • Highway capacity and bike/walkways

  19. What is this urban transportation planning process really? A realistic perspective

  20. NIMBY: not in my back yard

  21. Other acronyms • LULU: locally unwanted land use • NIMTOO: not in my term of office • BANANA: build absolutely nothing anywhere near anyone • NOPE: not on planet earth • CAVES: citizens against virtually anything

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