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Selection of Material and Shape

Selection of Material and Shape. Case Studies. Floor Joists: Wood or Steel?. Aim: Light, stiff and strong joist for supporting floors in buildings Traditionally, wood with rectangular section of aspect ratio 2:1 is used; steel I-beam with 15  B e 25 could be used instead

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Selection of Material and Shape

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  1. Selection of Material and Shape Case Studies

  2. Floor Joists: Wood or Steel? • Aim: Light, stiff and strong joist for supporting floors in buildings • Traditionally, wood with rectangular section of aspect ratio 2:1 is used; steel I-beam with 15Be25 could be used instead • Which one is better?

  3. Floor Joists: Wood or Steel?

  4. Floor Joists: Wood or Steel?

  5. Floor Joists: Wood or Steel? • While M1 are more or less the same, M3 of pine wood is much better than that of steel • The cellular structure is the nature’s answer to bending! But steel can be standardized.

  6. Forks for a Racing Bicycle • Aim: light strong frame • Loading on frame is not obvious, but that on the fork is predominantly bending. • First maximize f2/3/, regardless of shape

  7. Forks for a Racing Bicycle Six materials are singled out and shown in the next page All except wood can be made into tubes

  8. Forks for a Racing Bicycle

  9. Efficient Spring • Consider a leaf spring, the stored energy • The bending stiffness • The force F is limited by yielding • Substituting F and SB into the equation for U • For torsion bars or helical springs

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