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Basics of Social Welfare

This article discusses the stigma associated with social welfare, particularly in relation to poverty and the receipt of financial assistance. It explores the concept of work and reciprocity and the economic theories that contribute to the stigma. The article also provides definitions of social welfare and examines the role of social institutions in addressing stigma.

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Basics of Social Welfare

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  1. What is the stigma associated with social welfare and why is there one?? SW associated with poverty and the receipt of $ This comes from the value placed on work and reciprocity (pensioners “+” TANF “-”) Explain these concepts work & reciprocity Basics of Social Welfare

  2. What is Stigma? • A. A genetic condition • B. A cornea shaped like rugby ball and not a sphere • C. A negative connotation based on a societal reaction to uncontrollable circumstances • D. Unfavorable opinions based on behavior

  3. Economists & Stigma (Theories) • Statistical discrimination • Reliance & hard work are good (welfare • recipients don’t have this) • Taxpayer Resentment Theory • Welfare recipients undeserving • Individualism • Strive for success according to rules • Rules (equity & fairness) • Ability unequal reward for unequal talents • Hard work & ability success • Success & virtue relationship (All due to individual) • Self-selection and stigma

  4. Explanations of social welfare offered by economic theory critiques emphasize • Fairness and equity • Its place and fit with the free market • Smaller case study approaches that look at the lives of individuals • A complete explanation of the phenomena

  5. How do you define Social Welfare? • Exclusiveness • Inclusiveness • Economic transfers outside the system • Primary principle –price is driven by worth • Welfare recipients pay less than fair price • Examples????? • Method is clear & unambiguous • Covers services to non-poor reducing stigma

  6. Meet Basic Needs • Addresses health & economic adequacy • Satisfying standards of life and health • Minimum level of social functioning • What is essential??????

  7. Functional Definition • Interdependent units full range of responsibilities • A society cannot survive if too many cannot function at this level, also • Social system cannot endure if too many cultural patterns of inefficiencies prevent interdependent functioning • History has changed this and led to creation of social welfare

  8. Key terms • Social Structure how individuals achieve identity (status and role) > groups and organizations> institutions> society • Social Institutions (Production-Distribution-Consumption; Population-Socialization;Social Integration;Mutual Support;Social Control/Order; Social Change) • Family & kinship; Government; Economics; Religion; Education

  9. Definitions of social welfare • Are conclusive and cover most critical concepts • Illuminate the complexity of the concept • Show the agreement between different approaches • All of the above

  10. exercise • Pick a specific own system • Family & kinship; • Government; • Economics; • Religion; • Education • What does stigma operate? • What can you do to address it?

  11. Dependence, Interdependence, & the Social Welfare Institution • 2 levels of functioning : individual performance & social institutions • Interdependence versus dependence • Industrialization brought deterioration in institutions and increase in members of high risk individuals (greater needs & less able to promote the kinds of changes needed)

  12. Dependence/Opportunity • High levels of dependence >repression • Various methods of control • Create limited alternatives versus holding folks responsible • Two conceptions of social welfare • Institutional-all of us need help at one point or other • Residual –system of support when family & market do not meet needs

  13. Welfare State arguments • Incoherent-all things to all people • Economic prosperity renders this unnecessary • Cost is a threat to the economy • Squandering endless resources on “wrong people” with little impact • Creates dependence which threatens freedom

  14. Inevitable adjustment • Current state is not a liberal initiative but a response to change • In former rural agriculture society welfare was not needed but it is necessary in current system • Rational response to modern problems of modernization

  15. Welfare State revisited Programmatic welfare state that devotes portion of gnp, through taxation, to social problems w/o altering economy Redistributive welfare state has a focus on redistributing wealth & resources

  16. American Beliefs GSS-2001 S. Services have gone too far L (22%) M(36%) C(36%) 28% Right on Track L (77%) M(79%) C(63%) 73% Should Gov. reduce $ Difs b/w rich and poor Y L (36%) M(40%) C(24%) 26% M L (25%) M(41%) C(32%) 51% N L (17%) M(30%) C(52%) 73%

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