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Indentured Servitude vs. Slavery in Colonial America

Explore the distinctions between indentured servitude and slavery in 1600's Colonial America, focusing on John Rolfe, tobacco cultivation, the Middle Passage, and the impact on African people. Learn how indentured servants and slaves contributed to the economy and labor force of Virginia.

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Indentured Servitude vs. Slavery in Colonial America

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  1. Indentured Servitude vs. Slavery 1600’s in Colonial America

  2. John Rolfe & Tobacco • John Rolfe introduced tobacco in Jamestown in the year 1613 • He grew a different type of tobacco than the Indians • He sent tobacco to England for trade in 1613

  3. Tobacco • Tobacco became the cash crop in the Colony • Virginia’s economy was dependent on tobacco • Plantation owners needed many workers to plant, pick, and dry the tobacco

  4. Indentured Servants • Workers arrived in VA in 1616 to work on the plantations • An Indentured Servant was a person who agreed to work without pay for a certain amount of time

  5. Indentured Servants • Most chose to come • They received free passage to the New World • They received food, clothes, and a place to stay

  6. Indentured Servants • Some were criminals sent to do labor for their crime • Some were poor and saw it as a chance to start a new life • All agreed to work for 4-7 years and then gained their freedom

  7. Indentured Servants • Some died from over-work or disease • Indentured Servants had few rights

  8. Slavery • In the 1600’s Europeans had trading forts off the West African coast • Europeans traded guns, iron, and cloth for African gold, ivory, palm oil, and slaves • African tribes fought each other for control of this trade

  9. Slave Trade • Known as the “Triangular Trade” • Europeans first traveled to the West coast of Africa • Then they traveled to the West Indies • Then to the American Colonies and back to England

  10. Middle Passage • Africa to the West Indies • Awful experience for African people • Lasted 10-12 weeks • Crammed and chained into tight quarters below ship • Death • Disease • Escape Middle Passage

  11. Images of Middle Passage Middle Passage

  12. Slaves arrive in Virginia • In 1619 a Dutch trading ship arrived in VA • 20 Africans were sold as Indentured Servants • They were kidnapped and taken against their will Middle Passage

  13. Slaves • African People • Kidnapped/taken against their will • Became enslaved after General Assembly made laws to make slavery official

  14. Slaves • Worked their whole lives without pay • Had no rights/freedom • Children were born into Slavery • They were bought and sold like property

  15. Resources: Websites & Videos • www.youtube.com/watch?v=ll7_0dPzGiE • hitchcock.itc.virginia.edu/Slavery/

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