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What is Biology? Characteristics of Living Things

What is Biology? Characteristics of Living Things. Biology Text pp. 5-9. Biology is the Study of Life. Biologist study the interactions of life. Entomologist Histologist Ornithologist Ichthyologist Etc…. How does one define life?.

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What is Biology? Characteristics of Living Things

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  1. What is Biology?Characteristics of Living Things Biology Text pp. 5-9

  2. Biology is the Study of Life • Biologist study the interactions of life. • Entomologist • Histologist • Ornithologist • Ichthyologist • Etc…

  3. How does one define life? • There are 6 different Characteristics that an organism must have to be considered living.

  4. 1. Cells/Organization • Living things are highly organized: they are all composed of tiny living units called cells. • Celltissue  organ  organ system  organism • Some organisms consist of only a single cell, others have trillions. • Multicellular • Unicellular Image from: http://www.time.com/time/daily/special/genetics/ethics.html

  5. 2. Energy Transformation • Living things take in energy and change it into different forms. • The transformed energy is used to power all of life’s processes (growth, etc.) • Metabolismis the term for all of an organism’s bio-chemical reactions and energy transformations. Image from http://photographytips.com/page.cfm/3575

  6. 3. Reproduction • Individual organisms die, but the species continues because ofreproduction. • Reproduction without genetic contribution from two parents is calledasexual. • Sexualreproduction produces offspring with genetic material from both parents. Imae from http://www.karlloren.com/biopsy/p66.htm Image from http://www.cccturtle.org/contents.htm

  7. 4. Growth (important!) • Living things grow over their lifetimes. • Mitosis-cell division • Single- celled organisms increase their volume and multicellular organisms add to the number of cells in their body. Image from http://www.sosun.com/company.html

  8. 5. Response to the Environment • Living things react to and interact with factors in their surroundings: • Abiotic factors- non-living • Biotic factors -living • These reactions can take place almost instantly or over a period of hours, days, months, years, or even generations.

  9. 5. Response to the Environment • When presented with the proper stimulus, a living organism will respond. • Can occur at the cellular level (homeostasis) • A complex set of responses is called behavior. Image from http://agrolink.moa.my/dof/ppat/aquarium/betta/betta.html

  10. 6. Adaptation/Evolution • Over (generally) long periods of time (several to thousands generations, depending on the organism), environmental pressures may lead to permanent genetic changes in groups of organisms. • This process is called evolution. • These changes, or adaptations, help the organism survive and reproduce in its environment. Image from www.globalallianceafrica.org/ educational_trips.html

  11. Any Questions?

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