After your test!!

1. After your test!! • Create vocabulary squares for the following words: • Clan • Constitution • Exogamy • Maize • Moundbuilders • Northwest Ordinance • Polygyny • Sectionalism • treaty Word Definition Sentence using word.. Not from the book Graphic describing the word and definition

2. Do Now #4 • Complete this chart (yes you have to actually draw it on your paper :0!)

3. Biloxi Yazoo Oktibbeha Noxubee How did we come up with these names??? Itawamba Coahoma NanihWaiya

4. Cave Drawings • You and a partner will be assigned one of the early periods of Native American history • You will then create a “cave drawing” to describe the life of Native American living in your time period. • Must be colored and NO STICK PEOPLE!

5. Early Native AmericansBroken down into four periods Paleo: • crossed a land bridge into Alaska during the Ice Age • Followed large animals-Mammoths and Mastodons • Very few found in MS Archaic: • Climate became warmer and drier • Large animals did out • Less nomadic • Hunted deer and smaller animals • Gathered foods • No writing system • Used stone tools

6. Woodland: • Highly organized societies • Built burial mounds over tombs • Moundbuilders- along rivers and farms • Did not depend on hunting and gathering • Produced pottery, copper, and stone tools • Traded • Began to use bow and arrow Mississippian: • Moundbuilders • Religious buildings and the homes of chiefs were on top of flat mounds • Largest mound-Cahokia, Illinois • 2nd largest- Emerald Mound in Natchez • We have mounds all over MS • Built villages-surrounded by wooded defenses • Major crops- maize, beans, and squash

7. Mississippi Tribes • Tribes were well organized • Developed lives that fit their environment • Each village governed themselves and had a strict chain of command • Most of the tribes in Mississippi were fairly small such as the Choula, Pascagoula, and Biloxi • The three largest tribes were the Chickasaw, Choctaw, and Natchez

8. Choctaw • Largest with 20,000 members • Stretched from Columbus to Yazoo City • Most highly civilized • Divided into 3 geographic regions and came together for tribe council • Clans were groups of related families • Based on mothers family • Women-agriculture, Men-hunted • Married someone from other clan • Religion-revolves around nature, especially the sun • Rituals-very complicated funerals • Peaceful and settled • Farmers, they did not have to travel to survive

9. Chickasaw • 2nd largest • Northern MS • Traveled and traded (with other tribes in North) • Had a “Bone Picker” to torture people, he would pick off flesh piece by piece • Environmentally friendly • The land was sacred • Would bury people upright facing the west under the homes… it saves space • 2 Chief system-Wisdom and War • Religion- Animism- everything has a spirit

10. Natchez • Smallest of the three • Southwest MS • Moundbuilders • The Sun was worshipped • Women could lead • Matrilineal • More of a devastating group- Example… when a tribal leader would die, all wives and females of family were sacrificed to give them company in afterlife

11. Discussion Question • Choose one question below and answer in complete sentences and the whole question must be answered! • Of the four prehistoric Indian cultural groups, which do you think had the easiest life? Explain and justify your answer with examples. • Of the three largest tribes in Mississippi, which one do you think you would have rather lived in? Explain and justify your answer with examples

12. Relive History • In a group you will work together to recreate history!!! • As a group, you will be assigned one European group and you will do the following: • Describe why they came to Mississippi/North America • Describe how they settled in the Mississippi Territory • Add any other information that is vital to our understanding of your European group • Everyone in the group must participate. You will be graded on this and one person can affect the whole group • You might need to have a set/labels so we can understand who people are!!!

13. Read pages 62-63 • Create a bubble map to describe the relationship between Native Americans and Europeans

14. French and Choctaw vs. British French Lost: French gave all territory east of MS river except N.O. to Great Britain Tribes fought against each other French and Indian War 1754-1763- Fought for control of Ohio and MS River valleys Relationship Between Native Americans and Europeans French and the British fought each other Chickasaw raided Choctaw lands; Choctaw $ French attacked Chickasaw Choctaw allied with the French Natchez and Chickasaw allied with the British

15. Mississippi Territory Outline • Mississippi Territory • The Natchez Trace was the principal route between Natchez and Nashville • The town of Natchez was a major port for the men that sailed up and down the Mississippi River

17. II. Territorial Government • The United States had established the framework for the government of territories with the Northwest Territory of 1787 • The first territorial governor of Mississippi as Winthrop Sargent • Sargent’s laws, known as Sargents Code, were seen as too strict by his opponents • With Sargent being a Federalist, most of his opponents in Mississippi were Jeffersonians • After President Jefferson appointed Claiborne as governor, the capital of the territory was moved from Natchez to Washington

18. III. Land • The United States had an orderly process for the sale of land owned by the federal government which was the Land Ordinance of 1785 • Section 16 was given to the people to rent or sell to pay for public education • Sectionalism, an allegiance to local interests, became an important issue • In 1804, the Mississippi Territory was extended north the the Tennessee River after Georgia gave up its claims • Mississippi’s boundary east of the Pearl River extended south to the Gulf of Mexico when the Spanish lost their hold on West Florida

20. IV. Statehood • Congress divided the Mississippi Territory into two states in 1817 after the population increased • Once the new boundaries were set, a constitution had to be written • A constitution sets up the framework of a government and determines its powers and limitations

22. Under the first constitution: only those who owned property had the right to vote, the number of senators per county were based on the number of white taxable inhabitants and blacks and non-tax paying whites were not counted • When the constitution was approved, Mississippi became the 20th state of the United States on December 10th, 1817 • David Holmes became its first governor

23. How a territory becomes a state President, with approval of Congress appoints a territorial governor, 3 judges, and a secretary to the governor When population reached 5000 adult free men, voters could elect an assembly to pass laws and a territorial delegate to represent them in Congress When population reached 60,000, voters elected delegates to a constitutional convention. They then wrote a constitution After Congress approves Constitution, territory becomes a state Governor and judges acted as the territory’s legislature Governor and judges still appointed

24. After Test! • Label the map to match the land of MS acquired by Treaties with Native Americans. • On the back create a chart to describe each treaty briefly in your own words!!! • Use page 84 for the map and use pages 83-85 for the chart! • Color each land acquired a different color!