Unit 4 : SCHOOL EDUCATION SYSTEM

1. Unit 4 : SCHOOL EDUCATIONSYSTEM Language Focus

2. Choose the word which has different stress pattern from the rest. C. money D. agree D B. reading 1. A . happy C. confide D. refuse 2. A. listen B. repeat A

3. I. Pronunciation :Stress in three - syllable words Listen and repeat these words, then underline the stress pattern of these words: 1. happy 2. happiness 3. unhappy 4. happily

4. 1. Stress on penultimate syllable - Words ending in- ic( electric , scientific) - Words ending in-sion -tion, -ian ( calculation, Italian, education) 2. Stress on ante-penultimate syllable (ante-penultimate = third from end) -Words ending in - al ( natural , industrial) - Words ending in -cy, -ty, -phy and -gy ( chemistry, primary, beautify)

5. Ientify the stress pattern in these words : investigation biology economic flexibility underpayment Canadian

6. *Look at these words, listen and repeat: algebra carefully politics physical chemistry academic primary statistics computing cinema compulsory September *Practise reading these sentences. The academic school year generally commences in September. The typical school day normally finishes at 3.00 p.m. in England. The national curriculum is usually set by the government. The GCSE stands for the General Certificate of Secondary Education. English, Maths and Science are compulsory in the national examination at certain stages of school education system.

7. Passive Voice GRAMMAR

8. Structure of the sentence Subject: Person or object that suffered/enjoyed the results of an action. The verb "to be" in the tense the action ocurred. The Past Participle of the verb that represents the action itself. Whatever complements that verb needs. In a few special cases we can also use by + the agent.

9. Structure of the verb

10. THE PASSIVE VERB to BE (in the active tense) + Past Participle (main verb) to BEgives us the tense of the action the principal verb is always in Past Participle

11. The passive sentence ACTIVE VOICE Robert gave a coin Active Subject Active Verb Direct Object Passive Subject Passive Verb Agent by PASSIVE VOICE was given by

12. The passive sentence ACTIVE VOICE Robert gave a coin to Tom Active Subject Active Verb Direct Object Indirect Object Passive Subject Passive Verb Direct Object Agent by PASSIVE VOICE was given by

13. Examples 1/Theybuiltthis house in 1466 2/ This house was built in 1466 1/ Channel islanders speakFrench & English 2/ French & English is spoken by Channel islanders 1/ This book will change your life 2/ Your life will be changed bythis book

14. More examples 1/ Theycan’t answer your question 2/ Your question can’t be answered 1/ Someone had to take her to hospital after this 2/ Shehad to be taken to hospital after the crash 1/ They shouldn’t allowthe children to do these things 2/ The children shouldn’t be allowed to do these things 1/ Someonemust tell him if we want him to know 2/ He must be told if we want him to know

15. * Matching: A B

16. * How to change the active into the passive voice Active: S + V + O Passive : S + by + O + (be)pp Ex, Icleanthe living room everyday. is cleaned everyday. by me -> The living room

17. * Practice: 1.Circle the word or the phrase that must be changed: Was this room repainted byhe ? A B C D D 2.Choose the best option to complete this sentence: My classroom . . . . . . everyday A. is cleans B. cleans C. is cleaned D. was cleaned C 3.Choose the sentence which has the same meaning to the root one. Shakespeare wrote this play in 1605. A. This play was wrote by Shakespeare in1605. B. This play is written by Shakespeare in 1605. C. This play were written by Shakespeare in 1605 D D. This play was written by Shakespeare in 1605.

18. Exercise 1.Fill each blank with the simple present passive form of the verb in brackets is divided • The academic year in England ......................... in three • terms. ( divide ) is separated 2. Each term …... …..........by a one- week break. ( separate ) is set must be followed 3. The national curriculum........... ….. by the government and .............................in all state schools. ( set, must follow ) is made 4.The national curriculum ................... of more than ten subjects. (make up ) is paid 5. The state school system ..................... for by the state. (pay ) areselected 6. The advanced students ............................. to take part in the annual International Olympic Competition. ( select ) 2 5 4 6 3 Game:Lucky star

19. Exercise 2.Rewrite the following sentences using the passive voice Example:They built this school in 1997. -> This school was built in 1997. 1 The students in my class are going to organize a surprise party tomorrow evening. ................................................................................................... ....................................... A surprise party is going to be organized by the students in my class tomorrow evening. 2 They are painting the kitchen now. ........................................................................................ The kitchen is being painted now. 3 Shakespeare wrote “ Romeo and Juliet” in 1605 . ......................................................................................... “Romeo and Juliet” was written by Shakespeare in 1605. 4 They will speak English at the conference. ....................................................................................... English will be spoken at the conference. 5 Jane hasn’t cleaned the floor yet. ..................................................................................... The floor hasn’t been cleaned by Jane yet.

20. Exercise 3. Fill in the space of the following passage with the correct tense in passive voice of the verbs in brackets. The world’s first electric computer . . . . . . . . .(1.build) by the University of Pennsylvania in 1946. However, computers … … … . . . . . . . (2. sell) commercially for the first time in the 1950s. Much progress on computers . . . . . . . . . . . . (3. make) since 1950. Computers are now much smaller and more powerful and they . . . . . . .…… (4. can buy) much more cheaply. Computers …. . . . . (5.use) in many fields- in business, science, medicine, and education, for example. They . . . . . . . . (6 can use) to forecast the weather or to control robots which make cars. The computer’s memory is the place where information . . . . . . . . (7. store) and calculations ….. . . . . (8. do). A computer can not think for itself- it . . . . . . . . . (9. must tell) exactly what to do. A lot of difficult calculations . . . . . . . . . (10. can do) very quickly on computers. was built were sold have been made can be bought are used can be used is stored are done must be told can be done

21. HomeWork • - Review the passive voice. • - Prepare vocabublary for Unit 5.

22. Thanks for your attention!

23. Goodbye!