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Mitosis

Mitosis is cell division involving somatic cells, forming genetically identical daughter cells. The Cell Cycle consists of stages like Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase. Understand the process of mitosis and the different stages involved.

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Mitosis

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  1. Mitosis

  2. What is Mitosis? • Mitosis: Cell division involving somatic (non-sex) cells • Involves only diploid cells • Form of asexual reproduction for some life (bacteria & protista, fungi) • End Result: Two genetically identical “daughter cells”

  3. The Cell Cycle • Defined: Repeating set of events in the life of a cell • 1) Interphase • G1, S, G2 • 2) Prophase • 3) Metaphase • 4) Anaphase • 5) Telophase mitosis

  4. Interphase • Divided into 3 Stages: • G1 Stage • Normal function performed • Cell growth • Organelles created • S Stage • Chromatin (DNA strands) duplicated • G2 Stage • Cell growth • Normal function performed

  5. Prophase • 1st Mitosis Stage • Chromatin (DNA strands) coils into chromosomes • Nucleus dissolves spilling the chromosomes • Spindle fibers form

  6. Metaphase • 2nd stage of mitosis • Spindle fibers attach to centromeres of each chromosome • Spindle fibers pull the chromosomes to the cell’s equator

  7. Anaphase • 3rd stage of mitosis • Spindle fibers rip apart the chromosomes • 1 chromatid pulled each direction

  8. Start (interphase) Telophase • 4th stage of mitosis • Spindle fibers dissolve • Cytokinesis splits the cytoplasm • Nucleus reforms • Chromatids unwind into chromatin • End result: 2 identical diploid cells End (Telophase)

  9. Cytokinesis • Defined: Dividing of the cytoplasm • In animals: Cell pinches inward • In plants: Cell plate begins to separate the two new cells Cell plate

  10. Name that Stage! Metaphase Hint: Chromosomes are aligned in middle of cell

  11. Name that Stage! Telophase Hint: Cell plate is splitting the cell

  12. Name that Stage! Interphase Hint: Two normal looking nuclei of two cells

  13. Name that Stage! Prophase Hint: Chromosomes are forming and the nucleus is gone

  14. Name that Stage! Anaphase Hint: Chromatids are being pulled apart

  15. prophase c a b interphase d metaphase telophase e anaphase 45 seconds: Discuss with your neighbor. Name picture A, B, C, D, E.

  16. Mitosis A Quick Overview

  17. review • In order, name the 5 stages of the cell cycle. • Pick a stage of the cell cycle. Name two things that happen in this stage. • The division of the cytoplasm is called _____. • Which cells divide by mitosis? • During which interphase stage is DNA created? • During which stage do spindle fibers form? • During which stage are chromosomes aligned in the middle? • During which stage are chromatids separated? • During which stage does the nucleus dissolve?

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