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Coniferae family

Coniferae family. Presented by, Dr. Shenu P. Kareem. INTRODUCTION. Coniferae is a large order of cone bearing plants. The major group of alkaloids of Coniferae order is Terpene alkaloids. MEDICINES BELONGING TO THE CONIFERAE FAMILY. Abies canadensis Abies nigra Cupressus australis

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Coniferae family

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  1. Coniferae family Presented by, Dr. Shenu P. Kareem

  2. INTRODUCTION • Coniferae is a large order of cone bearing plants. • The major group of alkaloids of Coniferae order is Terpene alkaloids.

  3. MEDICINES BELONGING TO THE CONIFERAE FAMILY • Abiescanadensis • Abiesnigra • Cupressusaustralis • Cupressuslawsoniana • Junipernuscommunis • Junipernusverginianus • Larixdecidua • Pinuscupressus • Pinuslambertiana

  4. Pinussylvestris • Pix liquida • Sabina juniperus • Sequoia sembervivens • Taxusbuccata • Terebinthina • Terebinthinachios • Thujalobii • Thujaoccidentalis

  5. MAJOR ALKALOIDS OF CONIFERAE FAMILY

  6. ABIES CANADENSIS • PINENE • BORNYL ACETATE • CANDINENE • TANIC ACID

  7. JUNIPERNUS COMMUNIS • SABININOL • PININE • CAMPHENE • TURPINOL

  8. PINUS LAMBERTIANA • PINITOL

  9. PIX LIQUIDA • OIL OF TURPENTINE • RESINS • ACETIC ACID • ACETONE • METHYL ALCHOHOL

  10. SABINA JUNIPERNUS • SABINOL • SABINENE • CADINENE • THUJONE

  11. TAXUS BUCCATA • TAXINEN B • ISO TOXINE B

  12. TEREBINTHINA • TERPENE • MONOTERPENE • BETE PINENE • ALPHA PINENE

  13. THUJA OCCIDENTALIS • THUJONE • PUNITANNIC ACID • THUJETIC ACID • TANNIN • PINIPICRINE • RESIN • QUERCITRIN • QUERCETIN • VOLATILE OIL

  14. THUJA OCCIDENTALIS

  15. THUJONE • Major alkaloid present in Thuja • Main action is GABA receptor antagonist.

  16. GABA • Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid • Required as an INHIBITORY NEUROTRANSMITTER to block the transmission of an impulse from one cell to another in the central nervous system, which prevents over-firing of the nerve cells. • Used for BRAIN METABOLISM

  17. Used as a SEXUAL STIMULANT because of its relaxing capabilities, as well as with prostate problems, since it also assists with the RELEASE OF SEX HORMONES. • REGULATION OF MUSCLE TONE. Nerve signals are constantly being fired in muscle tissue to stimulate it. This causes muscle to maintain it's strength. However if this nerve signal isn't regulated and inhibited occasionally, muscle tissue would hypertrophy. GABA blocks that nerve signal when appropriate.

  18. Precursor to sleep. • More concentrated in the hypothalamus region of the brain and is known to play a role in the overall functioning of the pituitary gland – which regulates growth hormone synthesis, sleep cycles, and body temperature. • Needed by our BODY'S METABOLISM to break down food and make energy-rich molecules in cells.

  19. Our bodies are in a constant "on" state because of constant nerve impulses. Without GABA's causing an occasional "off" state their would be no resting state. INHIBITORY OR CALMING NEUROTRANSMITTER which can relieve tensions and anxieties. • HIGHER BRAIN FUNCTIONS SUCH AS VISUAL RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING LANGUAGE REQUIRE THE PROCESSING OF INFORMATION IN THE BRAIN. This ability declines as we age. This decline appears to be due to a reduction in GABA in the brain.

  20. SYMPTOMS IN RELATION TO THE ALKALOIDS • REDUCED GABA  ANXIETY • Anxiety • Depression • Feelings of hopelessness • Mood swings • Sudden onset of phobias or fears • Short temper • Stress headache

  21. GABA Reduced Low GHACCUMULATION OF FAT IN WAIST AND HIP LINE • Reduced GABAINSOMNIA • Reduced GABA  Brain metabolism altered No nutrition supply RAPID EXHAUSTION

  22. Reduced GABA Unwanted firing of neurons No inhibitions  MUSCLE TWITCHINGS AND EPILEPSY • Reduced GABA Reduced GH AGEING VERY FAST SKIN WRINKLED, DRY • Reduced GABA Prostatic problems HYPERTROPHY

  23. ACTION OF OTHER ALKALOIDS IN THUJA • DIURETIC (Causing Increased Passing Of Urine) • Frequent micturition. Desire sudden and uncontrollable. • SUDORIFIC • Profuse perspiration which is strong and sweetish • ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTISEPTIC • Ill effects of vaccination and gonnorhoea

  24. EMMENAGOGUE • Copious and bright red menses • AROMATIC • Perspiration strong and sweetish. • Sour smelling like honey sweat from genitals

  25. TEREBINTHINIAE OLEUM

  26. ALPHA AND BETA PINENES • Spasmolytic and myorelaxant Activity on the smooth muscles of the intestine . These effects may explain their traditional use in the German and Polish traditional drugs for colic, diarrhea, cough and asthma. This antispasmodic activity would be due to the inhibition of the calcium channels.

  27. t • Anti Inflammmatory Enterocolitis, Stomatitis, Glossitis, Inflammation Of Kidneys, Urethritis, Metritis, Cystitis………. • Regeneration Of Islets Of Langerhans Used in DM

  28. Anticarcinogenic Cytotoxic on cancer cells Generalities- Cancerous affections – Terebinthina (3) • Potent Diuretic Dropsy, Scanty suppressed, Passive • Bactericidal,Fungicidal,Insecticidal,Pesticidal Worms, Lumbricoids, Pustular eruptions, Urticaria

  29. Analgesic activity Strangury, painful erections, Burning pain in the region of kidneys, Pulsative pain in skin, Drawing pain in the right kidney extending to hip….

  30. TURPENE • A poisonous does of oil of turpentain causes a burning pain in the mouth ,throat and stomach followed by thirst,voomitting,diarrhoea,contracted pupils giddiness,drowsiness,cold skin excitement,cynosis,convulsion,coma and death.owing to it’s irritating action on the kiidney the patient complains of strangury and scanty dark urine,which contain bllod and albumin,and smell of violet.the persons show symptoms of anuria if large quantietaken.if applied to the skin oil of turpentain produce redsness and itching followed by vesicasion

  31. Inhalation of turpentinvapour produce the irritation of eye,headach,dizziness and irritation of respiratry passages are even chemical pneumonities(or) pulmonary oedema

  32. SABINA

  33. EMMENAGOGUE • Menses profuse and bright • Discharge of blood between periods • Haemorrhage partly clotted

  34. THANK YOU

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