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Long-line Tower and Balloon-borne Ozone and Ozone Precursor Vertical Profile Sampling for Upper Green Winter Ozone Study 2011 . David Bush T&B Systems, Inc. William Hauze Meteorological Solutions, Inc Cara Keslar Wyoming DEQ. Overview. Background UGWOS WY DEQ Ozone Forum
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Long-line Tower and Balloon-borne Ozone and Ozone Precursor Vertical Profile Sampling for Upper Green Winter Ozone Study 2011 David Bush T&B Systems, Inc. William Hauze Meteorological Solutions, Inc Cara Keslar Wyoming DEQ
Overview • Background • UGWOS • WY DEQ Ozone Forum • UGWOS 2011 Efforts • Long-line Measurement Methodology • Tower • Tethered Balloon • Preliminary Data
Upper Green Winter Ozone Study (UGWOS) • Upper Green River Wintertime Ozone Study – UGWOS 2007 • Lack of snow and no elevated ozone episodes • Learned enough for planning future years • UGWOS 2008 • Significant elevated ozone observed • Documented spatial scale of problem and developed conceptual model • UGWOS 2009, 2010 • Focused on additional chemistry • Improved mesonet monitoring coverage and communications
WY DEQ Ozone Forum • 2009, 2010 Ozone Forum • Review collected data • Discuss remaining issues and questions • Discuss additional monitoring
What is the diurnal vertical structure of the ozone concentrations?
UGWOS 2011 • Tethered Balloon • Tall Tower • Supplemental measurements at WY DEQ Boulder site
Long-line Measurement Equipment • Teledyne/API Model 200E NO/NO2/NOx Analyzer • Teledyne/API Model 400E Ozone Analyzer • Baseline-Mocon Series 9000 NMHC Methane/Non-Methane Analyzer • Campbell Scientific CR10 Data Logger w/ A6REL-12 Relay Drive • RM Young Wind Monitor and temperature sensors at Tower • Hobo Pro temperature/RH sensors on Tethered Balloon
Long-line Measurements • Dedicated 5/16” ID Teflon® tubing to minimize pressure drop within line at 4 lpm • Four levels, with worst-case residence time of 20 seconds • Tower – 4m, 25m, 50m, 75m • Tethered Balloon – 4m, 33m, 67m, 100m
Long-line Measurements To Pump Valved Rotameters To Analyzers Solenoids
Long-line Measurements • Using solenoid control, sampling switches sequentially to next level every 3 minutes • First two minutes used to purge lines and allow analyzers to stabilize to new sample pressure and concentrations (most critical for THC analzyer) • Final minute averaged • Thus, 12 minute cycle, with each hour consisting of five 1-minute averages
Acknowledgements • Wyoming DEQ • Meteorological Solutions, Inc. • Air Resource Specialists • Environ • Sacramento Metropolitan AQM, California ARB