Grammar as Rhetoric and Style: Short Simple Sentences and Fragments

1. Grammar as Rhetoric and Style: Short Simple Sentences and Fragments Mrs. Stephanie Woit

2. Short Simple Sentences A simple sentence, strictly defined has a subject and a verb: it consists of one independent clause. A simple sentence may have a compound subject, a compound verb, a modifier, and an object or a complement, but it still is one independent clause. Examples: There is a problem, though. But the chances are miniscule. This must be Phillip’s theory, anyway. The emails and phone messages addressed to my former self come from a distant race of people with exotic concerns and far too much time on their hands.

3. Sentence Fragments A sentence fragment is an incomplete sentence that readers understand to be complete. Some fragments are missing a subject, verb, or both; other fragments have a subject and verb, but are dependent clauses. Consider the following examples: Wouldn’t it be better for the kids if the mother stayed at home? No offense, but no. Hurry, I urge my country. Before it is too late.

4. Rhetorical and Stylistic Strategy A series of simple sentences can become monotonous, but 1 or 2 short simple sentences can be rhetorically effective in a number of situations: After several long sentences As a summary of what the writer has just said As a transition between sentences or paragraphs Essentially, one or two short simple sentences create emphasis by contrast. As a writer, when you juxtapose 1 or 2 short simple sentences with several longer ones, you call attention to the short simple ones.

5. Rhetorical and Stylistic Strategy • Sometimes writers use sentence fragments, especially short ones. Occasionally you may use them for effect. What is important is that you use them for a special reason: To make a transition To signal a conclusion To emphasize an important point Sentence fragments slows readers down and emphasize importance of time. A WORD OF CAUTION….use both simple sentences and fragments SPARINGLY! Overused, they lose their punch and become a gimmick. You NEVER want your audience to think that you made a grammatical error.