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Boundless Lecture Slides Available on the Boundless Teaching Platform Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
Using Boundless Presentations Boundless Teaching Platform Boundless empowers educators to engage their students with affordable, customizable textbooks and intuitive teaching tools. The free Boundless Teaching Platform gives educators the ability to customize textbooks in more than 20 subjects that align to hundreds of popular titles. Get started by using high quality Boundless books, or make switching to our platform easier by building from Boundless content pre-organized to match the assigned textbook. This platform gives educators the tools they need to assign readings and assessments, monitor student activity, and lead their classes with pre-made teaching resources. Get started now at: • The Appendix The appendix is for you to use to add depth and breadth to your lectures. You can simply drag and drop slides from the appendix into the main presentation to make for a richer lecture experience. http://boundless.com/teaching-platform • Free to edit, share, and copy Feel free to edit, share, and make as many copies of the Boundless presentations as you like. We encourage you to take these presentations and make them your own. If you have any questions or problems please email: educators@boundless.com Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
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Introduction to Human Development Human Development Theories of Human Development Prenatal Development Infancy and Childhood ] Adolescence Human Development Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
Early and Middle Adulthood Human Development(continued) Aging: Late Adulthood ] Human Development Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
Human Development > Introduction to Human Development Introduction to Human Development • Nature vs. Nurture • Methods for Researching Human Development Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/psychology/textbooks/boundless-psychology-textbook/human-development-14/introduction-to-human-development-69/
Human Development > Theories of Human Development Theories of Human Development • Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development • Attachment Theory • Freud's Psychosexual Theory of Development • Erikson's Stages of Psychosocial Development • Kohlberg's Stages of Moral Development Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/psychology/textbooks/boundless-psychology-textbook/human-development-14/theories-of-human-development-70/
Human Development > Prenatal Development Prenatal Development • The Role of Genes in Prenatal Development • Prenatal Brain Development • Environmental Impacts on Prenatal Development Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/psychology/textbooks/boundless-psychology-textbook/human-development-14/prenatal-development-71/
Human Development > Infancy and Childhood Infancy and Childhood • The Newborn • Physical Development in Childhood • Cognitive Development in Childhood • Socioemotional Development in Childhood • Influence of Parenting Style on Child Development • Cultural and Societal Influences on Child Development Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/psychology/textbooks/boundless-psychology-textbook/human-development-14/infancy-and-childhood-72/
Human Development > Adolescence Adolescence • Physical Development in Adolescence • Cognitive Development in Adolescence • Socioemotional Development in Adolescence • Cultural and Societal Influences on Adolescent Development Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/psychology/textbooks/boundless-psychology-textbook/human-development-14/adolescence-73/
Human Development > Early and Middle Adulthood Early and Middle Adulthood • Physical Development in Adulthood • Cognitive Development in Adulthood • Socioemotional Development in Adulthood • Relationships and Families in Adulthood Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/psychology/textbooks/boundless-psychology-textbook/human-development-14/early-and-middle-adulthood-74/
Human Development > Aging: Late Adulthood Aging: Late Adulthood • Physical Development in Late Adulthood • Cognitive Development in Late Adulthood • Socioemotional Development in Late Adulthood • How Culture and Society Impact the Elderly Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/psychology/textbooks/boundless-psychology-textbook/human-development-14/aging-late-adulthood-412/
Appendix Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
Human Development Key terms • adolescenceThe transitional period of physical and psychological development between childhood and maturity. • Alzheimer's diseaseA disorder involving loss of mental functions resulting from brain-tissue changes; a form of senile dementia. • antisocialAntagonistic, hostile, or unfriendly toward others; opposed to social order or the principles of society. • assimilationThe absorption of new ideas into an existing cognitive structure. • attachmentA strong bonding toward or with. • autonomySelf-government; freedom to act or function independently. • cerebellumPart of the hindbrain in vertebrates; in humans it lies between the brainstem and the cerebrum and plays an important role in sensory perception, motor output, balance, and posture. • chromosomeA structure in the cell nucleus that contains DNA, histone protein, and other structural proteins. • cohortA demographic grouping of people, especially those in a defined age group, or sharing a common characteristic. • colicSevere pains that grip the abdomen or the disease that causes such pains (due to intestinal or bowel related problems). • conceptionThe fertilization of an ovum by a sperm to form a zygote. • conscienceA personification of the moral sense of right and wrong, usually in the form of a person, a being, or merely a voice that gives moral lessons and advices. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
Human Development • constructiveCarefully considered and meant to be helpful. • contradictionA logical incompatibility among two or more elements or propositions. • corpus callosumIn mammals, a broad band of nerve fibers that connects the left and right hemispheres of the brain. • correlationOne of the several measures of the linear statistical relationship between two random variables, indicating the strength of the relationship but not necessarily the causation. • cultureThe beliefs, values, behavior, and material objects that constitute a people's way of life. • deductive reasoningInference in which the conclusion cannot be false given that the premises are true. • dementiaA broad category of brain diseases that cause a long-term decrease in the ability to think and remember to the extent that a person's daily functioning is affected. • deoxyribonucleic acidA genetic component found in all living things which it is associated with the transmission of genetic information; consists of a polymer formed from nucleotides which are shaped into a double helix. • dexteritySkill in performing tasks, especially with the hands. • dialecticAny formal system of reasoning that arrives at a truth by the exchange of logical arguments; a contradiction of ideas that serves as the determining factor in their interaction. • differentiationThe act of distinguishing or describing a thing; exact definition or determination. • egocentricSelf-centered; concerned with the self; selfish. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
Human Development • egocentricSelf-centered; absorbed with the self; selfish. • embryoAn organism in the earlier stages of development; in humans, usually the cell growth up to the end of the seventh week in utero. • empathyThe capacity to understand another person's point of view, or the result of such understanding. • ethnographyThe branch of anthropology that scientifically describes specific human cultures and societies. • fertilizationThe act of impregnating animal or vegetable gametes. • fetal alcohol syndromeAny of a spectrum of birth defects that result from excessive alcohol consumption by the mother during pregnancy. • geneA unit of heredity; a segment of DNA or RNA that is transmitted from one generation to the next and carries genetic information such as the sequence of amino acids for a protein. • generativityContributing to the development of others and of future generations; productivity and creativity; the act of helping society move forward. • genotypeThat part (DNA sequence) of the genetic makeup of a cell, and therefore of an organism or individual, which determines a specific characteristic (phenotype) of that cell/organism/individual. • glaucomaAn eye disease or disorder of the optic nerve that, if untreated, may lead to damage to the optic disc of the eye and resultant visual-field loss, which can lead to blindness. • glial cellNon-neuronal cells that maintain homeostasis, form myelin, and provide support and protection for neurons in the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. • gonadA sex organ that produces gametes; specifically, a testicle or ovary. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
Human Development • heritabilityThe ratio of the genetic variance of a population to its phenotypic variance; i.e., the proportion of variability that is genetic in origin. • heterosexualSexually attracted to members of the opposite sex. • hospiceThe provision of palliative care for terminally ill patients, either at a specialized facility or at a residence, along with support for the family; typically refrains from taking extraordinary measures to prolong life. • innateInborn; native; natural. • intellectualizationThe act or process of finding a seemingly rational explanation for something. • interpersonalExisting between two or more people. • intersubjectivityThe state or condition of involving or occurring between separate conscious minds; a term used to represent the psychological relation between people. • introspectionA looking inward; the act or process of self-examination, or inspection of one's own thoughts and feelings; the cognition that the mind has of its own acts and states; self-consciousness. • LongitudinalSampling data over time rather than merely once. • menarcheThe onset of menstruation in human females; the beginning of the menstrual period. • menopauseThe ending of menstruation; the time in a woman's life when this happens. • milestoneAn important event in a person's life or career, in the history of a nation, in the life of some project, etc. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
Human Development • mnemonic deviceAny specific learning technique that aids information retention. • moralityRecognition of the distinction between good and evil or between right and wrong; respect for and obedience to the rules of right conduct; the mental disposition or characteristic of behaving in a manner intended to produce good results. • myelinationThe production of a coating of myelin around an axon. • neonatalOf or pertaining to the period of time immediately following birth. • neural tubeA hollow longitudinal dorsal tube formed in the folding and subsequent fusion of the opposite ectodermal folds in the embryo that gives rise to the brain and spinal cord. • neurodegenerativeOf, pertaining to, or resulting in the progressive loss of nerve cells and of neurologic function. • neurotransmitterAny substance, such as acetylcholine or dopamine, responsible for sending nerve signals across a synapse between two neurons. • normsThat which is regarded as normal or typical; a rule that is enforced by members of a community. • object permanenceThe understanding (typically developed during early infancy) that an object still exists even when it disappears from sight or other senses. • peer pressureEncouragement by others in one's age group to act or behave in a certain way. • placentaA vascular organ in mammals, present only in the female during gestation, that supplies food and oxygen from the mother to the fetus and passes back waste. • plasticityThe brain's ability to change and adapt over the course of a lifetime; changes in neural pathways and synapses due to changes in behavior, environment, neural processes, thinking, and emotions. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
Human Development • postureThe way a person holds and positions their body. • prefrontal cortexThe anterior part of the frontal lobes of the brain, lying in front of the motor and premotor areas; a part of the brain associated with higher cognition. • prejudiceAn adverse judgment or opinion formed beforehand or without knowledge of the facts. • presbyopiaInability of the eye, due to aging, to focus on nearby objects; farsightedness. • psychosexualOf or relating to the psychological aspect and aspects of sexuality. • psychosocialHaving both psychological and social aspects. • pubertyThe age at which a person is first capable of sexual reproduction. • pubertyThe period during which a person first becomes capable of sexual reproduction. • racializedCategorized or treated in a particular way based on race. • relativisticOf or relating to the concept that points of view have no absolute truth or validity, and instead have only subjective value according to differences in perception. • self-esteemConfidence in one's own worth; self-respect. • self-fulfilling prophecyA prediction that, by being voiced, causes itself to come true. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
Human Development • separation anxietyA psychological condition in children characterized by apprehension when separated from a parent. • socioemotional selectivity theoryA life-span theory of motivation which maintains that as time horizons shrink, as they typically do with age, people become increasingly selective, investing greater resources in emotionally meaningful goals and activities. • stereotypeA conventional, formulaic, and oversimplified conception, opinion, or image. • sudden infant death syndromeThe sudden and unexplained death of an infant aged one month to one year, normally while sleeping. • synapseThe junction between the terminal of a neuron and either another neuron or a muscle or gland cell, over which nerve impulses pass. • temperamentA person's normal manner of thinking, behaving, or reacting. • teratogenAny agent or substance which can cause malformation of an embryo or birth defects. • traitAn identifying characteristic, habit, or trend. • TransitivityThe idea that if A is related to B, and B is related to C, then A must be related to C. • zygoteA fertilized egg cell. • zygoteA fertilized egg cell. • zygoteA fertilized egg cell. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
Human Development Aging factors As an individual progresses through adulthood, a variety of factors can affect the aging process. This includes primary factors like decline of cellular function and oxidative damage, and secondary factors like an unhealthy lifestyle. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."Aging Factors."CC BY-SAhttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Aging_Factors.jpgView on Boundless.com
Human Development Play and childhood relationships Associative and cooperative play occurs when children learn to engage with one another, exchanging and sharing toys and creating games together. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com OpenStax CNX."CNX Psychology, Psychology. August 5, 2015."CC BY 4.0http://cnx.org/contents/4abf04bf-93a0-45c3-9cbc-2cefd46e68cc@4.100:52/PsychologyView on Boundless.com
Human Development The effects of parenting style Different parenting styles influence children differently depending on cultural norms and standards. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Flickr."Davis and Mom.| Flickr - Photo Sharing!."CC BY-SAhttp://www.flickr.com/photos/augie/237325838/View on Boundless.com
Human Development Longitudinal Designs Children experience rapid physical changes through infancy and early childhood. In a longitudinal study, a researcher observes many individuals born at or around the same time and observes them as they age. (credit "left": modification of work by Kerry Ceszyk; credit "middle-left": modification of work by Kristi Fausel; credit "middle-right": modification of work by "devinf"/Flickr; credit "right": modification of work by Rose Spielman) Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com OpenStax CNX."CNX Psychology, Psychology. August 4, 2015."CC BY 4.0http://cnx.org/contents/4abf04bf-93a0-45c3-9cbc-2cefd46e68cc@4.100:52/PsychologyView on Boundless.com
Human Development Stages of development During the fetal stage, the brain develops and the body adds size and weight, until the fetus reaches full-term development. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com OpenStax CNX."CNX Psychology, Psychology. August 5, 2015."CC BY 4.0http://cnx.org/contents/4abf04bf-93a0-45c3-9cbc-2cefd46e68cc@4.100:52/PsychologyView on Boundless.com
Human Development Parenting styles The way in which a parent interacts with his or her child is an important factor in the child's socioemotional growth. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com OpenStax CNX."CNX Psychology, Psychology. August 5, 2015."CC BY 4.0http://cnx.org/contents/4abf04bf-93a0-45c3-9cbc-2cefd46e68cc@4.100:52/PsychologyView on Boundless.com
Human Development Social relationships in old age Research has shown that social support is important as we age, especially as loss and death become more common. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com OpenStax CNX."CNX Psychology, Psychology. August 7, 2015."CC BY 4.0http://cnx.org/contents/4abf04bf-93a0-45c3-9cbc-2cefd46e68cc@4.100/Stages-of-DevelopmentView on Boundless.com
Human Development Intelligence Cognitive ability changes over the course of a person's lifespan, but keeping the mind engaged and active is the best way to keep thinking sharp. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."albertocotoabaco.jpeg."CC BY-SAhttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AlbertoCotoAbaco.jpgView on Boundless.com
Human Development Timeline of prenatal development This chart details prenatal development from conception to birth. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."Prenatal development."CC BY-SAhttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Prenatal_development.pngView on Boundless.com
Human Development Childhood Attachment Children who have secure attachment to parents are more likely to be successful adults. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."Child-development."CC BY-SAhttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Child-development.JPGView on Boundless.com
Human Development Embryo During the germinal stage of prenatal development, the cells necessary for the placenta, umbilical cord, and amniotic fluid will differentiate to form the embryo. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."9-Week Human Embryo from Ectopic Pregnancy."CC BY-SAhttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:9-Week_Human_Embryo_from_Ectopic_Pregnancy.jpgView on Boundless.com
Human Development Piaget's stages of cognitive development Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development includes four stages: sensorimotor, pre-operational, concrete operational, and formal operational. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikispaces."mcmETEC5303 - My Stance on Educational Technology, by Jean Piaget."CC BYhttp://mcmetec5303.wikispaces.com/My+Stance+on+Educational+Technology,+by+Jean+PiagetView on Boundless.com
Human Development Jean Piaget Piaget's theory of child development is still one of the most widely accepted in modern psychology. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."Jean Piaget."CC BY-SAhttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Jean_Piaget.jpgView on Boundless.com
Human Development Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development includes four stages: sensorimotor, pre-operational, concrete operational, and formal operational. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikispaces."ve-development-examples-i8.@2x.gif."CC BYhttp://mcmetec5303.wikispaces.com/My+Stance+on+Educational+Technology,+by+Jean+PiagetView on Boundless.com
Human Development Sigmund Freud Sigmund Freud developed his theory of development based on five psychosexual stages. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Sigmund Freud LIFE."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sigmund_Freud_LIFE.jpgView on Boundless.com
Human Development Erik Erikson Erikson developed his eight stages of psychosocial development based on Freud's psychosexual theory. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."Erik Erikson."Public domainhttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Erik_Erikson.pngView on Boundless.com
Human Development Baby in the NICU (neonatal intensive care unit) Exposure to teratogens during pregnancy can cause many problems for a developing fetus and newborn baby. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."Baba-meres-kozben."CC BY-SAhttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Baba-meres-kozben.jpgView on Boundless.com
Human Development Newborn baby The newborn baby requires a great deal of care to develop. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Infant."GNU FDLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/InfantView on Boundless.com
Human Development Culture Culture is learned and socially shared, and it affects all aspects of an individual's life. Social responsibilities, sexual expression, and belief-system development, for instance, are all things that are likely to vary by culture. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Community."GNU FDLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CommunityView on Boundless.com
Human Development Social relationships in adulthood Social relationships are important to overall well-being in early and middle adulthood. (credit: Philippe Put) Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com OpenStax CNX."CNX Psychology, Psychology. August 6, 2015."CC BY 4.0http://cnx.org/contents/4abf04bf-93a0-45c3-9cbc-2cefd46e68cc@4.100:52/PsychologyView on Boundless.com
Human Development The parent-child relationship When children go through puberty, there is often a significant increase in parent-child conflict. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Parents."GNU FDLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ParentsView on Boundless.com
Human Development Cultural views on aging Depending on the culture, aging can be seen as an undesirable phenomenon or as an accumulation of wisdom and respect. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."Elderly Couple - Brasov - Romania."CC BY-SAhttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Elderly_Couple_-_Brasov_-_Romania.jpgView on Boundless.com
Human Development The id, ego, and superego Freud believed that we are only aware of a small amount of our mind’s activities and that most of it remains hidden from us in our unconscious. The information in our unconscious affects our behavior, although we are unaware of it. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com OpenStax CNX."CNX Psychology, Psychology. August 4, 2015."CC BY 4.0http://cnx.org/contents/4abf04bf-93a0-45c3-9cbc-2cefd46e68cc@4.100:61/PsychologyView on Boundless.com
Human Development Intelligence Cognitive ability changes over the course of a person's lifespan, but keeping the mind engaged and active is the best way to keep thinking sharp. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."AlbertoCotoAbaco."CC BY-SAhttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AlbertoCotoAbaco.jpgView on Boundless.com
Human Development A Nepali Hindu couple in a marriage ceremony Interpersonal relationships take many forms in many different cultures. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Bride Groom NP."CC BY-SAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bride_Groom_NP.JPGView on Boundless.com
Human Development Structure of a nerve cell Synapses, or the spaces between nerve cells, develop rapidly during childhood. These structures are responsible for releasing neurotransmitters, which are chemical signals that help the brain communicate. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Chemical_synapse_schema_cropped.jpg."Public domainhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synapse%23/media/File:Chemical_synapse_schema_cropped.jpgView on Boundless.com
Human Development DNA DNA is a ladder-like structure that contains genetic material. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikibooks."General Genetics/Introduction."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/General_Genetics/IntroductionView on Boundless.com
Human Development Photos depicting the progression of Alzheimer's disease Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease and is the most common form of dementia in older adults. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."Alzheimers disease progression-brain degeneration."Public domainhttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Alzheimers_disease_progression-brain_degeneration.PNGView on Boundless.com
Human Development Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder The symptoms of FASD include slow physical growth, abnormal facial features (such as a smooth philtrum, or no dent in the upper lip), and brain injury. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."Photo of baby with FAS."CC BY-SAhttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Photo_of_baby_with_FAS.jpgView on Boundless.com
Human Development Toddler exploring her world By manipulating the world around them, children learn and grow physically in both gross and fine motor skills. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."Walter de Maria Vertikaler Erdkilometer."Public domainhttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Walter_de_Maria_Vertikaler_Erdkilometer.jpgView on Boundless.com