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Chapter 33 Section 2: Communists Take Power in China

Chapter 33 Section 2: Communists Take Power in China. Aim: How did the civil war in China end? Do Now: Complete the skill builder practice Interpreting Charts. Communists vs. Nationalists. World War II in China Mao Zedong- leads Chinese Communists against Japanese invaders

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Chapter 33 Section 2: Communists Take Power in China

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  1. Chapter 33 Section 2: Communists Take Power in China Aim: How did the civil war in China end? Do Now: Complete the skill builder practice Interpreting Charts

  2. Communists vs. Nationalists World War II in China • Mao Zedong- leads Chinese Communists against Japanese invaders • Jiang Jieshi- (Chiang Kai-shek) leader of the Chinese Nationalists in World War II • Nationalists and Communists resume civil war after World War II ends

  3. Civil War Resumes 1946- 1949 • Nationalists had the advantage and US support • Economic problems cause Nationalist soldiers to desert to Communists • Mao’s troops take control of China’s major cities • In 1949, People’s Republic of China created • Nationalists move to Taiwan (Formosa)

  4. The Two Chinas Affect the Cold War The Superpowers React • US supports Nationalist state in Taiwan, called Republic of China • Soviets and China agree to help each other in event of attack, Communist China • US tries to stop Soviet expansion and spread of communism in Asia

  5. China Expands under the Communists • China takes control of Tibet and southern Mongolia • India welcomes Tibetan refugees fleeing revolt against Chinese; including the Dalai Lama • China, and India clash over borders • Fighting stops but tensions remain

  6. Communists Transform China Communists Claim a New “Mandate of Heaven • Chinese communists organize national government and Communist Party • Mao headed both until 1959 Mao’s Brand of Marxist Socialism • Agrarian Reform Law of 1950- Mao takes property from landowners and divides it among peasants • Government seizes private companies and plans production increases

  7. The Great Leap Forward • Communes- large collective farms often supporting over 25,000 people • Program is ended after inefficiency leads to crop failures and famines

  8. New Policies and Mao’s Response • China and the Soviet Union clashed over leadership of Communist movement • Strict socialist ideas are moderated • Mao reduces his role in government • Red Guards- militia units formed to enforce strict communism in China

  9. The Cultural Revolution • Cultural Revolution- movement to build society of peasants and workers • Red Guards close schools and execute or imprison many intellectuals • In 1968, Chinese army imprisons, executes or exiles most Red Guards

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