Health Habits for Quality of Life

1. Health Habits for Quality of Life How can we create an action plan in order to positively change our health habits?

2. Do Now As you already know, we make use of our five senses every day. These senses are sight, smell, tasting , touching, and hearing. If you had to give up one of these senses, which would it be? Why did you make that decision? If you had to keep only one sense, which would it be? Why did you make that decision? Share your response with your classmate after writing it. Please take out your homework to be collected.

3. Lesson Objectives Summarize personal strategies for maintain hearing, vision, and skin health. Summarize personal strategies for staying healthy by creating a plan for changing our health habit(s). Describe strategies and benefits of getting enough rest and sleep. Access resources that provide valid and reliable personal health and wellness information.

4. Keeping Important Body Systems Healthy We have been learning about infectious and chronic diseases, including how to help prevent them. Today, we will be going to look at how to keep some important body systems healthy. We will be talking about • Protecting our vision • Hearing • Skin • Getting enough sleep and rest. In your binders, answer the following questions. When you are done, share your response with your partner. How is your quality of life affected by your vision and your hearing? What would it be like if you couldn’t see or hear? How could your life be affected by problems with these systems?

5. Vision Our eyes allow us to see and respond visually to the world around us. When your vision or eyesight is clear, you can function at your best. Loss of vision can cause problems with reading and recognizing people and objects, and can make people more prone to injuries because they cannot see to avoid risks. What are some eye conditions or diseases that you have heard of? What do you know about them?

6. Common Vision Problems Nearsightedness (myopia): greek for “to shut, eye”; objects up close appear clear, far objects appear blurry. Light comes to focus in front of the retina instead of “on” the retina. Eyeball is “too long” and prevents incoming light to focus directly on the retina. Farsightedness (hyperopia): “far, eye”; distant objects more clear than near. Light comes to focus BEHIND the retina instead of on the retina. Eyeball is “too short” and prevents incoming light from focusing directly on the retina. Astigmatism: the eye does not focus light evenly onto the retina, which is the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. This can cause images to appear blurry and stretched out. Instead of a “basketball” shaped cornea, it’s like a football. Presbyopia: as the eye ages, lens cannot change shape enough to focus close.

7. Vision Problems

8. How to Protect Our Eyes and Vision • Get routine eye exams. • Eat lots of fruits and vegetables (esp. leafy greens and bright orange vegetables) • orange = vitamin A, beta-carotene; leafy greens = lutein, zeaxanthin; berries = vitamin C, eggs = zinc, zeaxanthin • Wear eye protection for work, sports, or outdoors. • Breaks to rest eyes after computer/phone/reading. • Wash your hands. • Don’t rub eyes if something gets in. Let your tears naturally flush out small debris. • Flush your eyes with water if they’ve been exposed to chemicals and get help.

9. Hearing Our ears allow us to hear. They collect, process, and send sound signals to our brain. The ears also help you keep your balance when your body is standing still or moving. Your ears were fully developed even before you were born. Loss of hearing makes it harder to speak, communicate with others, and learn.

10. Common Hearing Problems Age: long term exposure to noise that are either too loud or last too long. It can damage the sensory hair cells in our ears that allow us to hear. Once these hair cells are damaged, they do not grow back, and our ability to hear is diminished. Pendred Syndrome: genetic; thyroid gland is affected and causes problems with balance. Loss of hearing at birth or by age 3, although some later regain some hearing. Usually bilateral hearing loss (both ears). Conductive Hearing Loss: infections, fluid in middle ear, wax build-up, tumors, otosclerosis (middle ear bone), objects in ear canal. Sensorineural Hearing Loss: head trauma, loud noise, virus or disease, genetic hearing loss, aging, meniere’s disease (vertigo, tinnitus, pressure)

11. How To Protect Our Ears and Hearing • Never poke around inside the ear with any kind of object • Know which noises can cause damage and avoid them whenever possible • Move away from loud sources of noise • Ear plugs or hearing protection around loud noises (concerts, construction) • Turn down the volume on music systems. • Avoid long hours of listening through headphones or ear buds. • Take breaks. • Get help for serious ear aches and/or infections. • Get tested at school or doctor’s office.

12. Skin Your skin is your body’s first line of defense against outside pathogens and objects. It protects the rest of your body. When your skin is damaged, infections and illnesses can enter the body more easily. Your skin also contains nerves that sense heat, cold, pain, and pressure. It literally puts you in “touch” with the rest of the world. One of the biggest causes of damage to the skin is exposure to the skin. Your skin is also affected by anything that punctures or breaks it, including tattooing or piercings.

13. Common Skin Problems Allergic Reactions: Exposure to allergens can result in the skin becoming red, bumpy, scaly, itchy, or swollen at contact. (Defense mechanism) Sunburns: Prolonged exposure to UV radiation from the sun will result in the radiation burn. Can cause melanoma, basal-cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma. Scarring and infections: Open wounds or cuts that are not treated properly may lead to infections (increase chance of other bacteria to enter), and scarring. Acne: Occurs when oil glands attached to the hair follicles are stimulated, and clogs the pore. The plugged hair follicle enlarges, producing the bump. Occurs from stress, milk/chocolate, medications, cosmetics, and pressure from gear.

14. Ways to Protect Our Skin • Use sunscreen. SPF 15 to 50 are best, with both UVA & UVB protection. • Reapply sunscreen after 2 hours, or after swimming or sweating. • Loose-fitting long-sleeved shirts and pants to protect exposed skin. • Wear a hart with a wide brim to shade your face, head, ears, and neck. • Sunglasses that block UVA & UVB rays. • Stay in the shade when you’re outdoors. • Treat and bandage any cut or wound to the skin promptly. • Have a doctor check any unusual moles or spots on your skin • Be sure any body art (tattoo and piercing) is done by a licensed arist who follows safety guidelines. • Wash often. • Stay away from allergens.

15. Got Sleep? In your notebooks, write down how many hours of sleep you have had for the past week. Don’t add them up. Why is it important to get enough sleep and rest? How can not getting adequate sleep and rest affect your physical, mental/emotional and social well-being? Do you have a ritual before going to sleep? If so, what is it? After you finish answering, share and compare with your partner. Why are your results different or the same?

16. Importance of Sleep Sleep helps your body repair and recharge itself. When you go to sleep, your body and brain take care of important functions. When people do not get enough sleep, they can feel tired, moody and irritable, and are more likely to be injured or get sick. Lack of sleep can hurt everything from relationships with others to how well a person does at school or at a job. It can make it harder to learn, focus or solve problems. Sleep is as important as air, water, and food. However, most teens don’t get enough. Teens need about 9 hours of sleep per night to function at their best.

17. Things to Do to Get Enough Sleep • Go to bed and get up at a regular time, even on weekends and vacations. • Take a nap if you’re tired during the day. • Do something relaxing before going to bed. Maybe turn down the lights, take a hot bath, read a book, or listen to calm music. • Be sure your bedroom is dark and quiet. • Don’t have a computer or TV in your bedroom. • Don’t play computer games right before bed. • Stop eating at least 2 to 3 hours before bedtime. • Get regular physical activity, but don’t work out right before you go to bed. • Avoid caffeine. No coffee, tea, energy drinks, or chocolate within 6 hours of going to bed. • Stay consistent.

18. Scenario #1 Jerry is a 17 year-old male high school student who is overweight and smokes cigarettes. He has a hard time breathing, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, is prediabetic, and has trouble focusing in school due to his irregular sleep cycle. He sleeps whenever he “feels” tired. His father passed away at 45 years old from heart disease associated with diabetes. His mother works long hours and brings home chinese food and fast food almost every night because she does not have time to cook. He doesn’t have a gym membership but there is a fitness center in school that is open to all students for free. Jerry is afraid that he will not have long to live. Judging from what we have learned up to date, what disease(s) is Jerry at risk for? What are his risk factors? Which are modifiable and nonmodifiable? What is your action plan to help Jerry improve his health habits?

19. Classwork Review your ASSESSING MY HEALTH HABITS sheet. Use your results to select a health habit you want to improve or work on by completing the IMPROVING MY HEALTH HABITS worksheet. *Will be collected!

20. Sum It Up On a separate sheet of paper, write your name on it, and answer the following questions: • Summarize 2 strategies you can use to protect your hearing. • Summarize 2 strategies you can use to protect your vision. • Summarize 2 strategies you can use to protect your skin. • Summarize 2 strategies you can use to get enough sleep. • Describe 2 benefits of getting enough rest.

21. Homework October is Breast Cancer Awareness month. We are going to use our internet research ability to talk about it. In an essay, answer the following questions: • What is Breast Cancer? • What causes Breast Cancer? • Who are at risk for Breast Cancer? • What are the risk factors for Breast Cancer? • What can someone do to prevent Breast Cancer? • If someone already has Breast Cancer, what can they do to maintain their quality of life? In this homework, state at least 2 sources and where you found your sources in one of your pages. (include the website url, name of person you interviewed, etc)