HydroExpert Decision Support System

1. HydroByteSoftware HydroExpertDecision Support System Quick Guide to HydroSim XP Simulation Model Version 1.4 – Revision: 13/07/2012

2. CONTENT • We will show... • Reservoir Operation • Goals • Hydro plants • Generation function • Reservoirs • Multi-Reservoir structure • Simulation model and algorithm • Network flow model • DSS HydroExpert and HydroSim XP Model • Access to HydroExpert

3. HYDROPLANT MODEL • Main Structures • Hydro Plant’s Main Structure • Reservoir • Powerhouse • Spillway • Tailrace channel

4. RESERVOIR OPERATION • Goals • What to do? • Decision = Total Outflows • What to satisfy? • Verify all operational constraints • Any help? • Inflow forecast • Generation scheduling • Units maintenance scheduling

5. Main Variables • zfb: Upstream level • ztr: Downstream level • u : Total outflow • q : Turbine’s release • s : Spillage • x : Reservoir volume RESERVOIR OPERATION • Hydro Plant

6. Maximum Spill Control • smax = f (zfb) • Freeboard • Gates • Outlets RESERVOIR OPERATION • Spillways

7. short time RESERVOIR OPERATION • Generation Function • Efficiency (η) • Turbine’s release (q) • Net head (hn) • Forebay level (zfb) • Tailrace level (ztr) • Penstock head loss (hp) long time Horizon influence:

8. RESERVOIR OPERATION • Net Head (Brazilian tipical example) 4th degree Polynomials

9. RESERVOIR OPERATION • Turbine’s Efficiency • Hill Curves (η)

10. RESERVOIR OPERATION • Reservoir’s Mass Balance Account

11. RESERVOIR OPERATION • Reservoir’s Limit Levels • Limit Levels • Maximorum • Maximum • Minimum • Note • maximorum level is a Brazilian specific case.

12. RESERVOIR OPERATION • Simulation Model

13. Interval 1 Interval 2 Interval T Real Cascade Tree Structure ... 2,2 2,1 2,T 2 1 2 ... 1,2 1,1 1,T 1 3 3,2 3,1 3,T 3 Volume ... 4 4,2 4,T 4,1 4 Release StorageReservoir Plant ... ... Run-of-river Reservoir Plant RESERVOIR OPERATION • Multi-Reservoir Internal Structure Hydro Scheduling Network Temporally Expanded Arborescence (Rosenthal, 1981)

14. RESERVOIR OPERATION • Multi-Reservoir Internal Structure

15. yi,t i,t xi,t-1 xi,t evi,t mui,t qi,t si,t RESERVOIR OPERATION • Network Flow Model The Water Balance Equation is represented as a node into a network flow structure.

16. Oper. Policy Hydro Kernel No Yes Yes No RESERVOIR OPERATION • Simulation Algorithm • Decision Making • the Operational Policy determines controlled discharge and spillage. • water balance ex-ante (optional). • Water Balance ex-post • verifies decisions feasibility. • corrections can be made. • Feasible State • always guaranty a new feasible state. Data Setupgiven y, x0, t = 1 Start Decision Making(q, s : ex-ante) Water Balancefor each i (ex-post ) Feasible State Decision Corrections Can be an Autopilot! t = t+1 t ≤ T End

17. Short Term Planning • Generation scheduling • Gen. units dispatch • Inflow forecasting Detailed Hydro Simulator • Trajectories (levels & streamflows) • Check constraints feasibility • Check generation scheduling towards inflow forecasting • Efficiency • Reports, charts and analysis RESERVOIR OPERATION • Simulation of Multi-Reservoir Operation The desired Generation Scheduling could change in order to satisfy the constraints feasibility. So, a new input can be done and restart the simulation process.

18. HydroExpert Slides: 5-6 HYDROSIM XP MODEL • Software The HydroSim XP simulation module is a is a multi-reservoir simulation model with multi-purpose constraints representation. The HydroSim XP is part of the Decision Support System called HydroExpert.

19. ACCESS TO HYDROEXPERT • www.hydrobyte.com Click on download tab. Click on New here? Sign up link.

20. ACCESS TO HYDROEXPERT • www.hydrobyte.com Fill up a small form and click on Submit button. You will receive a confirmation message. An additional step will be necessary to validate your e-mail address.

21. ACCESS TO HYDROEXPERT • www.hydrobyte.com Check your e-mail inbox and complete the validation. See the IMPORTANTSTEP.

22. CONTACT • Contact Us • www.hydrobyte.com.brSee “Contact” page.