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Chapter 8. Marine Reptiles, Birds, & Mammals. Tetrapods. Four footed animals. Terrapods. Land animals. Amphibians. Class: Amphibia Frogs, toads, & salamanders. Characteristics. Soft delicate eggs must remain moist, born in water, move to land, porous skin, cold blooded. Reptiles.
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Chapter 8 • Marine Reptiles, Birds, & Mammals
Tetrapods • Four footed animals
Terrapods • Land animals
Amphibians • Class: Amphibia • Frogs, toads, & salamanders
Characteristics • Soft delicate eggs must remain moist, born in water, move to land, porous skin, cold blooded
Reptiles • Class: Reptilia • Snakes, lizards, alligators, & crocodiles
Characteristics • Leathery eggs on land, born on land, scales, cold blooded, air breathing, internal fertilization
Homing Behavior • Returning to the identical island where the organism was born
Birds • Class: Aves • puffins, penguins, etc
Characteristics • Hard shelled eggs, beaks, adaptations for flight, warm blooded
Sea Birds • Mate on land but feed at sea at least some of the time
Types of Sea Birds • Penguins Gulls • Tubenoses Shorebirds • Pelicans Duck & G
Penguins • Swimming birds
Tubenoses • Only come to shore to mate • Albatross
Pelicans & Allies • Nest on shore & feed at sea • Pelicans, etc.
Gulls • Garbage bird • Lives on land & feeds near shore • Sea Gull
Shore Birds • Those birds that wade along the shoreline & feed
Ducks & Geese • Nest in Estuaries • Migrating birds
Marine Mammals • Class: Mammalia • Seals, Whales, etc.
Characteristics • Mammary Glands • Hair • Blubber • Live birth
Blubber • Thick layer of fat just below the skin that insulates the mammals from the cold water
Order: Carnivora: • Examples: Polar bears & sea otters • Tearing teeth, ripping claws,carnivorous
Order: Pinnipedia: • Examples: Seals, sea lions, walruses • Tearing teeth, fins carnivorous
Order: Sirenia: • Examples: Manatees, sea cows • Herbivore; docile, almost completely adapted to the sea
Order: Cetacea: • Whales, dolphin, etc • Completely adapted to sea, fluke , blowhole, echolocation, live birth in the sea
Fluke • Horizontal tail of whales & dolphins
Echolocation • Using sound waves to locate objects • Like SONAR
Blowhole • Single or double opening on the dorsal side of a whale used for breathing
Convergent Evolution • When different species living under the same environmental conditions develop similar characteristics
Divergent Evolution • When similar species living under different environmental conditions develop different characteristics
Whale Groups • Toothed whales: have teeth • Non-toothed whales: have baleen instead of teeth
Baleen • Fibrous, fingernail like material hanging from the upper jaw used to strain food in non-toothed whales
Toothed Whales • Dolphin, Porpoise, Killer whale, Beluga, narwal, & Sperm whale
Non-Toothed Whales • Baleen whales • Blue, gray, fin, humpback, right
Spermaceti • Gland full of oil (also called spermaceti) in the head of a sperm whale
Ambergris • Partially digested debris in the stomach & intestines of sperm whales • Used for perfume