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Beauty & Well-Being. The Politics of Breast Cancer. Everyday Toxic Products. 75,000 synthetic chemicals used commercially Toxicity known or not established Animal testing inhumane and inadequate Single chemical dosage No testing of environment Toxic Substances Control Act
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Beauty & Well-Being The Politics of Breast Cancer
Everyday Toxic Products • 75,000 synthetic chemicals used commercially • Toxicity known or not established • Animal testing inhumane and inadequate • Single chemical dosage • No testing of environment • Toxic Substances Control Act • “innocent until proven guilty” • “confidential business information” • Weak enforcement and overwhelmed administration
Body BurdenTotal amount of toxic chemicals present in human body at a given point in time • Chemicals • Are found in our air & water, food we eat, products we use • Are bioaccumulative & synergistic • Include carcinogens, teratogens, developmental/reproductive toxicants, endocrine disruptors • Cause • cancer, neurological problems, infertility, dysfunctional immune systems in adults • Developmental disabilities, genital malformation, and cognitive & behavior problems in children
Breast Cancer Inequalities in Prevention, Diagnosis & Treatment
Associated Risks Environment Pollutants Xenoestrogen “Discretionary” pollutants Smoking Alcohol High fat Diet Genes Race Family History Causes Environment Ionizing Radiation Genes Inherited Genetic Defects Causes of Breast Cancer
Known and probable risk factors • being a woman • getting older • having a personal history of ovarian cancer • having a family history of breast cancer • having your first period before age 12 • starting menopause after age 55 • never having children • having your first child after age 30 • Moving to or residing in the United States • Exposure to pesticides, detergents, plastics, petrochemicals, bleach • drinking more than 1 alcoholic drink per day • being overweight after menopause or gaining weight as an adult. • currently or recently using hormone replacement therapy (HRT) for 5 years or longer
Systems of Inequality & Privilege in Breast Cancer • Racial differences in • Incidence • Treatment Protocol • A new study suggests Puerto Rican women are 50% more likely to receive substandard care for breast cancer. • Mortality & Survival • In one county in West Virginia breast cancer is less common than the national average, yet breast cancer deaths in that county are more than 79% higher than the US rate. • Sexual Orientation • No children • Menstrual cycles • Breast feeding • Alcohol use • Obesity • Race, Clas & Sexual Orientation & Access to Health Insurance & Care
Treatment vs. Prevention • Treatment options—surgery, radiation, chemotherapy—have not changed substantially since 1970s • Mammography is diagnosis, not prevention • Mammography gives false negatives 20-40% of the time • Environment—one of biggest predictors—is completely alterable
Women’s Response to Breast Cancer • Caretaker needs care • Breast loss beauty & body image • Physical changes • Surgery • Chemotherapy • Response from others