Essential Computer Concepts

1. Essential Computer Concepts

2. Objectives • Compare the types of computers • Describe the components of a computer system • Examine data representation and the ASCII code • Learn about processing hardware • Define memory and storage • Describe input and output peripheral devices Essential Computer Concepts

3. Objectives • Identify the hardware and software that are used for data communications and to establish a network connection • Explain how Internet access, email, and the World Wide Web affect the use of computers • Describe potential security threats to computers and protection methods • Discuss the types of system software and their functions • Identify popular application software • Learn about cloud computing Essential Computer Concepts

4. Computer Advertisement Essential Computer Concepts

5. What Is a Computer? • A computer is an electronic device that accepts information and instructions from a user, manipulates the information according to the instructions, displays the information in some way, and stores the information for retrieval later Essential Computer Concepts

6. Types of Computers • Desktop computers • Notebook (laptop) computers • Tablet PCs • Subnotebook computers • Netbooks • Slate computers • Handheld computers • Smartphones • MP3 players • Mainframe computers • Supercomputers Essential Computer Concepts

7. Types of Computers Essential Computer Concepts

8. Computer Systems • Includes computer hardware and software • Hardware refers to the physical components of a computer • Software refers to the intangible components of a computer system, particularly the programs, or lists of instructions, the computer needs to perform a specific task • The design and construction of the hardware of a particular computer is referred to as its architecture or configuration • The technical details about each component are called specifications Essential Computer Concepts

9. Data Representation • Data refers to the words, numbers, figures, sounds, and graphics that describe people, events, things, and ideas • Binary digits (bits) • A series of eight bits is called a byte • Kilobyte (KB or K) • Megabyte (MB) • Gigabyte (GB) • Terabyte (TB) • ASCII • American Standard Code for Information Interchange Essential Computer Concepts

10. Data Representation Essential Computer Concepts

11. Processing Hardware • The motherboard is the main electronic component of the computer • Circuit board • The microprocessor is one of the most important pieces of processing hardware on the motherboard • Cards are removable circuit boards Essential Computer Concepts

12. Memory • Random access memory (RAM) • Volatile memory • SDRAM • Cache memory (RAM cache or CPU cache) • Virtual memory Essential Computer Concepts

13. Memory • Read-only memory (ROM) • BIOS • Boot process • Nonvolatile memory • Complementary metal oxide semiconductormemory (CMOS) • Semipermanent memory Essential Computer Concepts

14. Storage Media • A computer file is a named collection of stored data • An executable file contains the instructions that tell a computer how to perform a specific task • A data file is created by a user Essential Computer Concepts

15. Storage Media • Magnetic storage media • A hard disk contains several magnetic oxide-covered metal platters that are usually sealed in a case inside the computer Essential Computer Concepts

16. Storage Media • Optical storage device • CD • DVD • CD-R • CD-RW • CD-ROM • DVD-R • DVD+R • DVD-RW • DVD+RW • BD-RE Essential Computer Concepts

17. Storage Media • Flash memory • Solid state storage • Flash memory cards • USB flash storage device • USB flash drive Essential Computer Concepts

18. Input and Output • The data or instructions you type into the computer are called input • The result of the computer processing your input is referred to as output • Peripheral devices accomplish input and output functions Essential Computer Concepts

19. Input Devices • You use an input device, such as a keyboard or a mouse, to input data and issue commands • Keyboard • Ergonomic • Pointing device • Controls the pointer • Mouse • Scroll wheel • Trackball • Touchpad • Pointing stick • Touchscreen • Scanner Essential Computer Concepts

20. Output Devices • Output devices show you the results of processing data • Monitor • Flat panel • LCD • LED • Printer • Laser • Inkjet • Dot matrix Essential Computer Concepts

21. Data Communications • The transmission of text, numeric, voice, or video data from one computer to another or to a peripheral device is called data communications • Sender and receiver • Channel • Protocol • Device driver (driver) Essential Computer Concepts

22. Data Bus • This path between the microprocessor, RAM, and peripherals is called the data bus • Controller card • Expansion card • Expansion slot Essential Computer Concepts

23. Networks • A network connects one computer to other computers and peripheral devices, enabling you to share data and resources with others • Network interface card (NIC) • LAN • WAN • WLAN • PAN • WiMax Essential Computer Concepts

24. Telecommunications • Telecommunications means communicating over a comparatively long distance using a phone line or some other data conduit • Modem • Digital and analog signals • DSL • Broadband connections Essential Computer Concepts

25. The Internet • The Internet is the largest network in the world, connecting millions of people • Email • World Wide Web • Web page • Web site Essential Computer Concepts

26. Security Threats on Your Computer • Security refers to the steps a computer owner takes to prevent unauthorized use of or damage to the computer • Malware • Viruses • Antivirus software • Spyware • Adware • Firewall • Spoofed site • Phishing • Pharming Essential Computer Concepts

27. System Software • System software helps the computer carry out its basic operating tasks • Operating system • System resource • Multitasking • Utilities • Programming Languages Essential Computer Concepts

28. Application Software • Application software enables you to perform specific computer tasks, such as document production, spreadsheet calculations, and database management • Document production software Essential Computer Concepts

29. Application Software • Web site creation and management software • Spreadsheet software • Database management software Essential Computer Concepts

30. Application Software • Presentation software Essential Computer Concepts

31. Application Software • Photo editing software • Video editing software • Multimedia authoring software • Accounting software • Information management software Essential Computer Concepts

32. Computing in the Cloud • Cloud computing means that data, applications, and even resources are stored on servers accessed over the Internet rather than on users’ computers, and you access only what you need when you need it • Windows Live SkyDrive Essential Computer Concepts

33. Getting Started with Microsoft Office 2010

34. Objectives • Explore the programs in Microsoft Office • Start programs and switch between them • Explore common window elements • Minimize, maximize, and restore windows • Use the Ribbon, tabs, and buttons Getting Started with Microsoft Office 2010

35. Objectives • Use the contextual tabs, the Mini toolbar, and shortcut menus • Save, close, and open a file • Learn how to share files using SkyDrive • Use the Help system • Preview and print a file • Exit programs Getting Started with Microsoft Office 2010

36. Common Window Elements Getting Started with Microsoft Office 2010

37. Exploring Microsoft Office 2010 • Microsoft Office 2010, or Office, is a collection of Microsoft programs • Microsoft Office Word 2010 (documents) • Microsoft Office Excel 2010 (workbooks) • Microsoft Office Access 2010 (databases) • Microsoft Office PowerPoint 2010 (presentations) • Microsoft Office Outlook 2010 (information management) • A major advantage of Office is integration, the ability to share information between programs Getting Started with Microsoft Office 2010

38. Starting Office Programs • On the taskbar, click the Start button • On the Start menu, click All Programs, click Microsoft Office, and then click the name of the program to start or • Click the name of the program to start in the left pane of the Start menu Getting Started with Microsoft Office 2010

39. Switching Between Open Programs and Files • Office allows multiple programs to be open at one time • Use program buttons on taskbar to switch between programs or • Use Alt+Tab keys to switch between open files Getting Started with Microsoft Office 2010

40. Resizing the Program Window and Workspaces • Office programs have three sizing buttons • Minimize button (hides window, program only visible on taskbar) • Maximize button (expands window to full screen size) • Restore Down button (returns window to predefined size) • Some programs have two sets of sizing controls (like Excel and Word) • Top level controls program window • Lower level controls workspace Getting Started with Microsoft Office 2010

41. Resizing Windows and Workspaces Getting Started with Microsoft Office 2010

42. Switching Views • Switching Views • Each Office program has different view options • Word has five views: • Print Layout • Full Screen Reading • Web Layout • Outline • Draft • View changes presentation, but not content Getting Started with Microsoft Office 2010

43. Zooming and Scrolling • Zooming magnifies or shrinks content displayed in workspace • To change zoom percentage: • Use Zoom slider at right of status bar • Click Zoom level button to left of Zoom slider • Use Zoom group in View tab on the Ribbon Getting Started with Microsoft Office 2010

44. Zooming the Workspaces Getting Started with Microsoft Office 2010

45. Using the Ribbon • The Ribbon at the top of the program window just below the title bar is the main set of commands that you click to execute tasks • The first tab on the Ribbon, the File tab, opens Backstage view • Backstage view provides access to file-level features, such as creating new files, opening existing files, saving files, printing files, and closing files, as well as the most common program options • The second tab in each program—called the Home tab—contains the commands for the most frequently performed activities Getting Started with Microsoft Office 2010

46. Using the Ribbon Getting Started with Microsoft Office 2010

47. Clicking Buttons • Each button, or icon, on the tabs provides one-click access to a command • Most are labeled • Clicking the button often displays a menu or performs an action Getting Started with Microsoft Office 2010

48. Using Galleries and Live Preview • A gallery is a menu or grid that shows visual representation of the options available for a button • Live Preview shows the results would occur in your file if you clicked that option Getting Started with Microsoft Office 2010

49. Using Galleries and Live Preview • Live Preview of bullet style Getting Started with Microsoft Office 2010

50. Opening Dialog Boxes and Task Panes • The Dialog Box Launcher allows you to open a task pane or dialog box related to that group of tasks • A task pane is a window that helps you navigate through a complex task or feature • A dialog box is a window from which you enter or choose settings for how you want to perform a task Getting Started with Microsoft Office 2010