Air Force Center for Research on GIG/NCES Challenges (AF-TRUST-GNC)

1. Air Force Center for Research on GIG/NCES Challenges (AF-TRUST-GNC) Ken Birman

2. Context • TRUST mission includes commitment to create significant dialog with stakeholder communities (e.g. in medicine, financial community, power systems) • 2005 saw substantial progress with Air Force • Dialog builds on a longer history of collaboration between Air Force and our participants. For example, Air Force Information Assurance Institute at Cornell • TRUST members assisted in two major studies of GIG/NCES impact on Air Force research priorities in 2005 • AFRL/IF (JBI) Prometheus study • Info Sharing 2010 study requested by SAF-XCX: a pair of TLAs that includes CIO office of the Secretary of the Air Force (SAF)). • AF-TRUST proposal reflects priorities identified in these studies "TRUST and the Global Information Grid", Ken Birman

3. Advantage: Information “The natural formation of the country is the soldier's best ally; but a power of estimating the adversary, of controlling the forces of victory, and of shrewdly calculating difficulties, dangers and distances, constitutes the test of a great general. He who knows these things, and in fighting puts his knowledge into practice, will win his battles. ” - General Sun-Tzu Wu, 512BC Challenge? Finding it! "TRUST and the Global Information Grid", Ken Birman

4. Basis is Web Services standard, although CORBA is likely to be used on server clusters Primary application platform will be Microsoft Windows NSA and DISA are playing key roles in mapping these components to military needs The proposed NCES/GIG architecture? "TRUST and the Global Information Grid", Ken Birman

5. Steps to GIG/NCES • Today • AF runs three side-by-side operational networks and many dedicated subnetworks, i.e. to control autonomous vehicles • Connects to Internet and other services through various DISA-operated gateways. • Tomorrow • Single Dark Core: A vision of a unified network with a small high-security core and a substantial audited but medium-security region. • XML browsers and email throughout, posing a recognized security risk but offering needed information accessibility • Legacy/stovepipe applications ported and wrapped for accessibility within this common operating environment "TRUST and the Global Information Grid", Ken Birman

6. Missing pieces to the story? • There are many • At a “superficial” level, just using the proposed platform to solve the kinds of problems being posed is challenging • For example, imagine an application that needs mapping data for Falluja. Which servers have this data? Are some more up to date, or less loaded, or experiencing faults? Which one is best? What security policies should apply? • At a more technical level, Web Services lack properties one would normally expect for mission-critical military systems "TRUST and the Global Information Grid", Ken Birman

7. The Prometheus Project Real-time, Scalable, & Secure Information Management for the GIG Ken Birman birman@cs.cornell.edu Cornell University Mike Reiter reiter@cs.cmu.edu Carnegie Mellon University Douglas C. Schmidt d.schmidt@vanderbilt.edu Vanderbilt University Tuesday, January 10, 2006

8. Prometheus Emphasis: Meeting Demands for QoS-enabled Information Management • Key solution space challenges • Enormous accidental & inherent complexities • Continuous technology evolution & change • Highly diverse network, platform, language, & tool environments • Key problem space challenges • Network-centric, dynamic, very large-scale systems of systems (SoS) • Stringent simultaneous quality of service (QoS) demands • e.g. real-time, scalability, security • Demand for QoS-enabled operational & tactical Global Information Grid (GIG) "TRUST and the Global Information Grid", Ken Birman

9. Summary of Results from Prometheus Study • We decided to drill down on four primary questions • QoS-enabled Publish/Subscribe Technologies for Tactical Information Management • Scalable Fault- & Intrusion-Tolerance for Critical GIG Services • Scalable Enterprise Service-Oriented Architectures • Investigating a Unified Framework for Demonstrating Policy Compliance Results include a mix of prototypes, experiments, & analyses "TRUST and the Global Information Grid", Ken Birman

10. Focus Area 1: QoS-enabled Publish/Subscribe Technologies for Tactical Information Management Feedback & Control Coordination Of Multiple UAVs Dynamic Mission Replanning Image Processing & Tracking DARPA PCES Capstone demo, April 14, ‘05, White Sands Missile Range "TRUST and the Global Information Grid", Ken Birman

11. Critical GIG services must survive failures & attacks An intrusion-tolerant service is one that continues to operate correctly despite the corruption of some of its components “Intrusions” modeled as Byzantine faults (arbitrary behavior) In this focus area, we have studied how to build fault- & intrusion-tolerant services to be fault-scalable i.e., service performance scales as number of faults tolerated grows Focus Area 2: Scalable Fault- & Intrusion- Tolerance for Critical GIG Services Application Application Application Application Pub/Sub Service Application Application Application Application "TRUST and the Global Information Grid", Ken Birman

12. Focus Area 3: Scalable Enterprise Service-Oriented Architectures Red LAN Access Functions Access Functions Red LAN COI level Connectivity, Bandwidth, Priority Enforcement Access Functions Access Functions Satellite Network Tactical Network IA Policy-based Routing Terrestrial IP Network Protection of Data-in-Transit Service Allocation & Prioritization Terrestrial Circuit Network GIG SERVICE • Goals • Enhance SOA platforms to support policy-driven enforcement of access to GIG resources integrated across information, service, & transport • Enable ability to dynamically adjust SOA resource allocation mechanisms in response to changing mission priorities, failures, attacks,etc. "TRUST and the Global Information Grid", Ken Birman

13. AF-TRUST-GNC • Proposal focuses on three areas, roughly corresponding to the ones identified by Prometheus • Develop algorithms and software for scalable, real-time and fault-tolerance QoS • Investigate issues associated with very large scale information assurance and security policy management • Develop new technologies for scalable and secure discovery, information architectures and mediation "TRUST and the Global Information Grid", Ken Birman

14. Example questions • Can we bring build a new generation of time-critical web service cluster solutions that combine time-critical update algorithms with mechanisms for handling faults and load surges? • Suppose that a vast collection of firewalls and audit mechanisms are controlled from an enormous distributed database of policies. How can we administer and update the policy databases without accidental error? • Is it possible to somehow isolate legacy applications while still enjoying the benefits of universal connectivity and access available in Web Services? "TRUST and the Global Information Grid", Ken Birman

15. Proposal? • We are proposing to create a TRUST Center focused on the needs of Air Force and other military vendors as the GIG/NCES rollout occurs • We have the breadth of talent and resources to make this work and can exploit a “dream team” that unites the top research groups in the country and focuses them on AFRL priorities. AF-TRUST-GNC includes some TRUST researchers but also some new faces • We suggest a structure parallel to that used by NSF in the basic TRUST framework "TRUST and the Global Information Grid", Ken Birman

16. Possible goal for 2006? • One option is to explore a similar structure with Dept. of Treasury • Very likely to build on their eCavern project • Wide range of very exciting issues in areas such as identity-theft, data mining to enforce risk-management, regulatory and security policies, data replication and associated policy enforcement • Could exploit facilities right on Wall Street, where both Cornell and CMU have offices in shared bldg "TRUST and the Global Information Grid", Ken Birman