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Early people looked at the stars and wondered…

Early people looked at the stars and wondered…. The ancient Greeks studied the movement of the stars and observed patterns. They concluded the patterns of most of the stars do not change, except…. 5 points of light that seem to wander among the stars.

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Early people looked at the stars and wondered…

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  1. Early people looked at the stars and wondered…

  2. The ancient Greeks studied the movement of the stars and observed patterns.

  3. They concluded the patterns of most of the stars do not change, except…

  4. 5 points of light that seem to wander among the stars.

  5. The Greeks named them PLANETS, which means wandering stars.

  6. The Planets were named after the 5 Roman Gods, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn

  7. Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn were the only planets that could be seen at that time.

  8. The Greeks thought the Earth was the center of a celestial sphere with all stars and planets revolving around the Earth.

  9. This Earth centered theory is called the geocentric system.

  10. Observations of the planets did not fit the simplest version of the geocentric system..

  11. Early astronomers tried to create a model that would fit their observations

  12. In A.D. 140 Ptolemy suggested a variation of the geocentric model that explained why the planets move at different speeds. Bodies revolved in small circles as they orbited Earth

  13. For 1,400 years people believed Ptolemy was correct.

  14. In the early 1500’s the Polish astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus thought the sun was the center of the system of planets.

  15. His sun-centered system was called the heliocentric system.

  16. Helios is Greek for sun.

  17. But people still believed Ptolemy’s geocentric system. 100 year’s later Galileo agreed with Copernicus’ heliocentric system.

  18. In 1609 Galileo perfected the telescope which lead him to discoveries that supported the heliocentric system.

  19. Galileo discovered the 4 moons of Jupiter. He thought if moons revolve around Jupiter then all things do not revolve around the Earth.

  20. He discovered the phases of Venus. This requires the sun to be the center of the system of planets.

  21. Galileo’s discoverieswere not accepted by those that still believed in the geocentric system. The geocentric view had the support of the church which was in power at that time.

  22. Galileo was put on trial for his beliefs in 1633. He remained under house arrest until he died in 1642. This illustration was copied from Nick Strobel's Astronomy Notes. Go to his site at www.astronomynotes.com for the updated and corrected version.

  23. In the late 1500’s a Danish astronomer, Tyco Brahe, carefully observed and recorded the positions of the planets for 20 years.

  24. He believed in a modified version of geo-centric model. • Every planet EXCEPT EARTH revolved around the sun. • The sun with all the planets REVOLVED around Earth.

  25. Brahe’s meticulous records of planetary motion were passed on and interpreted by a German mathematician in the 1600’s.

  26. Johannes Kepler used Brahe’s data to figure out the shape of the planets’ orbits.

  27. Kepler concluded the planets orbit the Sun in an ellipse.

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