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From yesterday

From yesterday. Activity. Groups Each group will research an aspect of the Stone Age. Tools Language Clothes Animals Family Structure. Let’s share!!. Each group will share what it discovered about its topic. Did your stone age look like this???.

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From yesterday

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  1. From yesterday

  2. Activity • Groups • Each group will research an aspect of the Stone Age. • Tools • Language • Clothes • Animals • Family Structure

  3. Let’s share!! • Each group will share what it discovered about its topic

  4. Did your stone age look like this??? • Flintstones - Opening and Closing Credits - YouTube

  5. Moving from the old stone age… • Into the new stone age!! • It’s called the Neolithic Era

  6. Characteristics of Neolithic Era • Advances in • Toolmaking • Food

  7. Nomads • People lived as nomads, by hunting & gathering…and then they learned to farm

  8. Neolithic Revolution • Historians call this shift to farming NEOLITHIC REVOLUTION • Ice Age over-new plants & animals show up-like barley and wheat

  9. Gathering Food • So people can now GATHER food instead of constantly searching for new sources and • Now they begin to practice domestication-the selective growing or breeding of plants and animals to make them more useful to humans

  10. Dog is a man’s best friend!

  11. Agriculture Changes Society • World population grew. Why? • Some began to live as nomadic pastoralists-people who ranged over wide areas & kept herds of livestock on which they depended for food & other items

  12. Early Farming Societies • Lived close together • Houses-mud bricks or other materials • Raised crops & livestock • Villages & towns emerged

  13. Early Farming Societies • Trade increases! • Differences in social status emerges • More formalized religion • Megaliths show up

  14. Megaliths • Huge stones-built as monuments for burial or spiritual purposes

  15. Stonehenge • Secrets of Stonehenge (1/4) – YouTube • Secrets of Stonehenge (2/4) - YouTube

  16. New Technologies • Tools were developed • Around 6000 BCE people began to use animals-like cows-to pull plows • Clay used to make pottery

  17. CatalHuyuk In modern day Turkey

  18. Otzi the Iceman

  19. The Bronze Age is Coming • Sheep & goats provided wool-making garments & blankets • Metal began being used-first copper & then bronze-a mix of copper & tin making stronger objects • So enters the Bronze Age-around 3000 BCE in some areas, later in others

  20. Activity • Now take your research on the stone age & do research on the Bronze Age. Let’s compare and contrast.

  21. Section 3 Foundations of Civilization

  22. From Villages to Cities • Gradual transition • New methods of farming were developed • Development of irrigation systems was VERY important • Surplus-excess-was produced

  23. Changing Economies • Fewer people needed to farm • So other jobs developed-like tool making and weapons, weavers, potters, religious leaders • Division of labor-economic arrangement in which each worker specializes in a particular task or job-was developed

  24. Characteristics of Cities • Some villages grew into cities • Larger & more densely populated • Uruk is the first known city-between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in today’s Iraq • 3000 BCE • 40,000-50,000 people

  25. Cities • Populations were more diverse-more people were unrelated • More formal organization than villages • Defined center • Temples • Monuments • Govt buildings • marketplaces

  26. Cities • Defined boundaries-defensive walls • Centers of trade • Merchants & farmers from surrounding villages traveled to city markets to exchange goods

  27. First Civilizations • Formed from early cities • Define civilization- • A complex and organized society • From fertile river valleys

  28. Fertile River Valleys • Tigris & Euphrates in Southwest Asia

  29. Fertile River Valleys • The Nile in Africa

  30. Fertile River Valleys • Indus in South Asia

  31. Fertile River Valleys • Huang He (Yellow River) in China

  32. Fertile River Valleys • Rivers flooded • Religions developed differently • Violent & unpredictable floods created more violent gods • Regular flooding created more predictable, less violent gods

  33. Characteristics of Early Civilizations • Developed cities • Examples include: • Urand Uruk near Tigris and Euphrates • Memphis on the Nile • MohenjoDaro on the Indus River • Anyang near Huang He

  34. Characteristics Contd • Organized Government • Formalized Religion • Specialization of Labor • Artisans showed up-skilled craftspeople • Basketry • Carpentry • Metalwork • pottery

  35. Characteristics Contd • Social Classes • Rulers, priests, and nobles • Merchants and artisans • Farmers and unskilled workers (majority) • Enslaved people

  36. Characteristics Contd • Record Keeping and Writing • Record keeping in Sumer used clay tokens & pouches • Systems of writing developed about 5,000 years ago • Picture symbols • Then abstract symbols

  37. Characteristics Contd • The Arts

  38. Change in Civilization • Expansion and Warfare • Spread of people & ideas • Cultural Diffusion-spread of ideas, beliefs, customs, and technology from one culture to another • Environmental Influences • Floods & other natural disasters

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