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The Sonnet

The Sonnet. It’s going to be awesome. The Sonnet Defined. Sonnet : a fourteen line lyric poem, often written in iambic pentameter Lyric: highly musical verse about emotion Musical: expect rhythm and rhyme Have very clear rhyme schemes Emotion: often (but not always!) about love

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The Sonnet

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  1. The Sonnet It’s going to be awesome.

  2. The Sonnet Defined • Sonnet: a fourteen line lyric poem, often written in iambic pentameter • Lyric: highly musical verse about emotion • Musical: expect rhythm and rhyme • Have very clear rhyme schemes • Emotion: often (but not always!) about love • Unrequited love: love that is not reciprocated or returned • Iambic pentameter Penta: five times (for a total of ten syllables) Iamb: unstressed syllable, stressed syllable • The word “sonnet” is from the Italian sonnetto, meaning “little song”

  3. Iambic Pentameter 1 2 3 4 5 U / U / U / U / U / • One day I wrote her name u pon the strand, U / U / U / U / U / • But came the waves and wash ed it a way: U / U / U / U / U / • A gain I wrote it with a sec ond hand, U / U / U / U / U / • But came the tide, and made my pains his prey • Edmund Spenser, Amoretti, Sonnet 75

  4. Two Types of Sonnets Differ in rhyme scheme and content development

  5. Petrarchan/Italian Sonnet • Made famous by poet, Petrarch, during the Italian Renaissance • In love with a woman, Laura, who did not love him back • Separated into an octave and a sestet 6 8

  6. The Petrarchan Sonnet in Detail Octave Sestet Six Lines Presents a solution Presents an example Presents a comment Discusses idea other way Rhyme scheme varies: cdcdcd cdecde cdccdc • Eight Lines • Presents a problem • Presents an idea • Presents situation • Discusses idea one way • Rhyme scheme: • abbaabba Volta or Turn: The shift in poem, usually between lines 8 and 9

  7. Petrarchan Sonnet Example:On First Looking into Chapman’s Homer, John Keats A B B A A B B A C D C D C D

  8. Shakespearean/English Sonnet • Originated, in part, because English words are more difficult to rhyme than Italian words • Separated into three quatrains and a rhyming couplet 2 4

  9. The Shakespearean Sonnet in Detail Three Quatrains Couplet Two lines Sum up sonnet Theme or thesis Reverse idea in quatrains Rhyme Scheme: gg • Quatrain: Four lines • Develop an idea • Rhyme Scheme: • ababcdcdefef Volta, or turn, can take place between any rhyming group. (Most often between lines 12 and 13)

  10. Shakespearean Sonnet Example:Sonnet 63, William Shakespeare Against my love shall be as I am now,With Time's injurious hand crush'd and o'erworn;When hours have drain'd his blood and fill'd his browWith lines and wrinkles; when his youthful mornHath travelled on to age's steepy night;And all those beauties whereof now he's kingAre vanishing, or vanished out of sight,Stealing away the treasure of his spring; For such a time do I now fortifyAgainst confounding age's cruel knife,That he shall never cut from memoryMy sweet love's beauty, though my lover's life:His beauty shall in these black lines be seen,And they shall live, and he in them still green. A B A B C D C D E F E F G G

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