Or, Life after AACR2

1. Or, Life after AACR2

2. “A new standard for resource description & access, designed for the digital world”—Joint Steering Committee for Development of RDA (JSC)-- http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/jsc/rda.html

3. The JSC plans for the new guidelines to be adaptable for use with any database structure, not just MARC21, using XML or its offshoots, Dublin Core, or a future format not yet even invented.

4. RDA will be an online resource Hyperlinks will take users from place to place within the chapters. Example: 6.17.3.0.2 For other types of musical expressions, construct the preferred access point following the instructions given under 6.1.3.

5. Final draft is due in early 2009, but LC may not implement until late in the year. LC training organizations are planning to offer training to RDA users.

6. Mappings to various encoding & presentation schemes RDA will provide mappings for use with • MARC21, • ISBD, & • DC (Dublin Core)

7. The rules are based on and aligned with • Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) and • the still-developing Functional Requirements for Authority Data (FRAD)

8. Each RDA chapter will directly relate to a FRBR user task: Find Identify Select Obtain

9. So what is FRBR, anyway? • a model for bibliographic description developed by the IFLA in the 1990’s. • includes a conceptual model of entities and relationships and attributes • identifies specific user tasks that bibliographic records are intended to fulfill: find, identify, select, obtain; • And, recommends a set of elements for inclusion in national bibliographic records.

10. How will RDA use FRBR? • RDA will include lots of FRBR terminology (for example, use of the names of bibliographic entities: “work”, “expression”, “manifestation”, and “item”). • RDA will use the FRBR attributes as the basis for specific data elements in bibliographic descriptions (person, family, corporate body, concept, object, event or a place). • It will address relationships between attributes, and will use the FRBR user tasks (Find, Identify, Select, Obtain) as the basis for defining a set of mandatory data elements.

11. So, what’s a work?“Hamlet” is a work, as Shakespeare first imagined it in his head.

12. What’s an expression? The play as Shakespeare first wrote it is his expression of his original idea.

13. A manifestation, the 1605 edition of the play, printed in London:

14. Another manifestation would be a spoken word recording of that 1605 text of the play

15. A copy of that 1605 edition is an item.

16. Or, another way of looking at it? • Work is a title • Expression is a format • Manifestation is an edition • Item is a copy

17. So, what’s an attribute? • An element associated with an entity (work, expression, manifestation, item, etc • Works, manifestations, expressions, & items all have attributes and relationships between them. And so do persons, families, corporate bodies, concepts, objects, events, & places. • For instance, an attribute of William Shakespeare might be his birth and death dates, 1564-1616.

18. Here’s some more new RDA terminology

19. What else could change? Terminology for • Media, Carrier, and Content Types to replace GMDs • File characteristics for digital materials • Video format characteristics • Custodial information for archival resources • Braille characteristics

20. RDA will be divided in sections • Sections 1-4 will give guidelines for recording attributes. • Sections 5-10 will give guidelines for recording the relationships between and among the attributes. • Each section will have one or more chapters. • The guidelines will designate which descriptive elements are required and which are optional. • For a list of required elements, see http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/jsc/docs/rdafaq-requelements-20080103.pdf

21. Sections 1-4 will cover attributes.

22. Sections 5-10 will cover the relationships among the various attributes.

23. The new rules are NOT intended to be used with any SPECIFIC record structure, such as MARC21. They will flexible enough for bibliographic description in libraries, archives, museums, databases, etc.

24. We can fit RDA into MARC21 • Our existing MARC21 records will not have to be modified either. • Our old records and new RDA records will sit side by side in the same catalogs. • There may be some changes to the MARC21 codes for GMD’s and SMD’s, and for electronic resources, but those aren’t out yet.

25. An RDA/MARC Working Group will propose any needed changes in MARC21 to accommodate the encoding of RDA records.

26. A new cataloging standard will • Encourage use as a content standard for metadata schema • Encourage international applicability, for a much more global, non-English specific standard

27. A Task Group is developing • A defined RDA Element analysis in Dublin Core, and • RDA Value Vocabularies for use in the Semantic Web, using RDF/RDFS/SKOS technologies, • Thus making RDA a very Web-compatible standard • The DC vocabulary is already available at: http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/jsc/docs/5rda-elementanalysisrev.pdf

28. What will RDA include? Guidelines to govern resource description Example: 5.3.1. When recording data identifying a work or expression, include as a minimum the elements listed below that are applicable to that work or expression. Title Preferred title for the work Identifier Identifier for the work Identifier for the expression

29. Guidelines to governchoice & form of access points Example: 6.1.1.1.1. If one person, family, or corporate body is responsible for creating the work, construct the preferred access point representing the work by combining (in this order): a) the preferred access point for that person, family, or corporate body, formulated according to the guidelines and instructions given under 9.1.1, 10.1.1, or 11.1.1, as applicable b) the preferred title for the work, formulated according to the instructions given under 6.2.

30. It will include guidelines for references 9.3.1.3.1. If the preferred name or names for an individual are pseudonyms, and he or she does not use his or her real name as a creator or contributor, record the individual’s real name, if known, as a variant name. • Cross, Marian Evans • (Pseudonym recorded as preferred name: Eliot, George) • Dudevant, Amandine-Aurore-Lucile • (Pseudonym recorded as preferred name: Sand, George) • Munro, Hector Hugh • (Pseudonym recorded as preferred name: Saki) • Jackson, Curtis

31. And guidelines for relationships 29.3.1. When recording relationships between persons, families, and corporate bodies, include as a minimum the elements listed below that are applicable to the related person, family, or corporate body. • Name • Preferred name for the [person, family, or corporate body] • Identifier • Identifier for the [person, family, or corporate body]

32. There will be plenty of examples-- • Hemingway, Ernest, 1899-1961. Sun also rises • Cassatt, Mary, 1844-1926. Children playing on the • beach • Barner (Family). Barner family newsletter • Coldplay (Musical group). Parachutes • Swift, Jonathan, 1667-1745. Tale of a tub (Originally published anonymously but known to be by Jonathan Swift)

33. What will RDA not include? • Instructions for creating classification or cutter numbers • Instructions for use of such data structures as MARC21, or • Information about mark-up languages such as XML and its offshoots. • RDA will include guidelines for creating subject headings, in Section 10 and Chpt. 23, but they won’t be part of the first rollout.

34. Each section’s chapters will be associated with specific FRBR user tasks. This will • help catalogers think in terms of enabling users to succeed at the FRBR user tasks, and • Help system designers create new resource discovery tools that will house these FRBR-based records.

35. RDA Planned Appendices Appendix A. Capitalization Appendix B. Abbreviations Appendix C. Initial articles Appendix D. Record syntaxes for descriptive data Appendix E. Record syntaxes for access point control data Appendix F. Additional instructions on names of persons Appendix G. Titles of nobility, terms of rank, etc. Appendix H. Conversion of dates to the Gregorian calendar Appendix J. Relationship designators: Relationships between a resource and persons, families, and corporate bodies associated with the resource Appendix K. Relationship designators: Relationships between works, expressions, manifestations, and items Appendix L. Relationship designators: Relationships between persons, families, and corporate bodies Appendix M. Relationship designators: Relationships between concepts, objects, events, and places*

36. Want to read the drafts they already have written now? • Go to http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/jsc/rda.html#drafts

37. Best way to prepare for RDA: Get familiar with the principles, concepts, & terminology of • FRBR • FRAD, & • the Statement of International Cataloging Principles

38. Where to find info on these concepts • FRBR – http://www.loc.gov/cds/FRBR • FRAD – http://www.ifla.org/VII/d4/htmlFRANAR-ConceptualModel-2ndReview.pdf • Statement of International Cataloguing Principles – http://www.loc.gov/loc/ifla/imeicc/pdf/statement-draft3_apr06cleancopy.pdf

39. Where to find me Michele Seikel michele.seikel@okstate.edu