Biosphere Vocabulary Words

1. Biosphere Vocabulary Words TECTONIC PLATE WEATHERING EROSION NUTRIENTS TERRITORY DORMANT HIBERNATION GEOGRAPHICAL RANGE POPULATION COMMUNITY ECOSYSTEM BIODIVERSITY HABITAT SPECIES • Look up Words in Chapters 3 of the Environmental Science Textbook (under your desk). You will have a Vocabulary Quiz on Wednesday.

2. 3.1 The Changing Environment • Earth is approximately _________ years old. • Changes in the Lithosphere • The lithosphere is made up of ______ _______. • When plates shift, _______ can occur. • ______ _______ rise when the movements of the plates cause parts of the Earth’s surface to buckle. • _____ and ____ _____ also affect the shape of the land.

3. 3.1 The Changing Environment • Changes in the Hydrosphere • Ice Ages are : ________________________ • The movements of glaciers causes _____ ______ in the shape of the land. • Some scientists think that a ______ of Earth on its axis is responsible for ____ ____. • El Nino is warm water currents that last for ____ _____. • ____ _____ is one of many recurring patterns of change in ocean currents.

4. 3.1 The Changing Environment • Changes in the Atmosphere • 3 gases that existed before life were ____, _____, and _____. • These gases were released from ______ volcanoes. • Organisms evolved that could combine water, ___, and energy in sunlight to produce _____. • For 3.5 billion years _____, _____, _____, and ____ have been cycling from the atmosphere. • Greenhouse Effect-the trapping of radiated heat by gases in the atmosphere.

5. VOCABULARY REVIEW • The lithosphere s made up of several large movable plates called: • The wearing away of land by weather and water is called: • All the substances that an organism requires from food are called: • An area that is claimed as a living space by an individual’s animal or group of animals is called: • When an organism becomes ______ the life processes within the body slow down. • Dormancy in some animals is called ____________ when the heart rate and breathing slow down. • A ____ is a group of organisms so similar to one another that they can breed and produce fertile offspring.

6. VOCABULARY REVIEW 8. The specific environment in which a particular species lives is its: 9. The total area in which a species can live is called its: 10. All the different populations that live and interact in the same area make up a: 11. An _____ includes all the communities in an area, as well as the abiotic factors in the environment. 12. The breakdown of rocks by weather and water is called: 13. The variety of species in an ecosystem is known as: 14. All the members of a species that live in the same geographic area make up a:

7. 3.2 Needs of Organisms • Organisms depend on their ________ for everything the need in order to ____. • Water • The presence of _____ _____ is one of the most important factors in the abililty of land to _______ _____. • ______ is needed for plants to _______.

8. 3.2 Needs of Organisms • Food and Energy • Almost all the ____ used by ____ _____ comes from the sun. • Plants and algae make food by _____ energy from _______. • Animals and other organisms get their energy by ___ _____. • Food also contains ______, _______, and other _______.

9. 3.2 Needs of Organisms • Living Space • All organisms need ______ to live. • Animals need space in which to seek _____, _____, ______, and _______. • Climate • The body temperature of most organisms is determined by the ______ of the _______. • Most _____ _____ lose their leaves and stop ______. • Birds and mammals maintain a ____ body temperature. They are called ___-blooded animals.

10. 3.3 The Ecosystem • An _____ is a highly organized, _____ environment in which all parts exist in a delicate ______. • Species • The destruction of a ______ is a serious threat to the survival of the species. • The size of the geographical _____ depends on the availability of suitable ______.

11. 3.3 The Ecosystem • Populations and Communities • Populations do not live alone in their _______. • Communities are often referred to by their ______, vegetation. • Ecosystems • Ecosystems include ____, ____, and atmosphere in an area, as well as the _____ that passes through it. • A healthy ________ includes a wide variety of species in its _________.

12. The Ecosystem • An ecosystem is a highly organized, structured environment in which all parts exist in a delicate balance. • A species is a group of organisms similar to one another in order to breed and produce fertile offspring. • A population all the members of a species that live in the same area. • A community different populations that live and interact in the same area. • An ecosystem includes all the communities in an area as well as the abiotic (nonliving)factors in that area.

13. Ms Monica’s Ecosystem Species-Roses Population—Many Roses Community— Roses, Butterflies, Dragonflies

14. Ms Monica’s Ecosystem

15. YOUR TURN • YOU ARE TO DESIGN AN ECOSYSTEM POSTER SHOWING THE FOLLOWING: • SPECIES (1 PLANT OR 1 ANIMAL)1 • POPULATION(MANY OF THE SAME SPECIES)2 • COMMUNITY(MANY POPULATIONS)3 • ECOSYSTEM (MANY COMMUNITIES + ABIOTIC FACTORS)4 + 2 Abiotic Pictures • You may use magazine pictures or draw your own. • You must label (Species, Populations, Communities, and Ecosystem. • Title (You & Your Partner’s Name Ecosystem)12 Pictures

16. PRODUCERS CONSUMERS DECOMPOSERS TROPHIC LEVEL FOOD CHAIN FOOD WEB BIOLOGICAL MAGNIFICATION BIOMASS ECOLOGICAL PYRAMID EVAPORATION TRANSPIRATION LEGUME Matter and Energy Words Look up Words in Chapters 3 of the Environmental Science Textbook (under your desk). You will have a Vocabulary Quiz on Wednesday.

17. 4.1 Roles of Living Things • All ecosystems do 2 things: • 1. • 2. • Producers, Consumers and Decomposers: • The organisms of most ecosystems gather food in 3 basic ways: • 1. • 2. • 3.

18. 4.1 Roles of Living Things • Producers, Consumers and Decomposers: • ______ make their own food. • ______ are the most familiar producers. • Almost all producers _____ _____ from the ____ and use it to make ____ through ___________. • Plants are the most important _____ in terrestrial ______. • Consumers _____ make their own _____. • All animals are _______. They obtain energy by eating ____ organisms.

19. 4.1 Roles of Living Things • Producers, Consumers and Decomposers (con’t): • List and describe 4 basic kinds of consumers • H • C • O • S • Decomposers are: • ______ are crucial to the ecosystem because they ______ nutrients. • Without decomposers, _____ would run out of _______. • Decomposers ________ the cycle of matter in the ________.

20. 4.1 Roles of Living Things • Trophic Levels: • Trophic Levels are: • Producers make up the ____ & _____ _____ trophic level in all _______. • Producers are _______ because they make their own food. • Consumers form the ___ & ______ trophic levels in the ________. • Consumers cannot ____ their own food, they must obtain ________ by eating ______ organisms, ________ are called __________.

21. 4.2 ECOSYSTEM STRUCTURE • Food Chains & Food Webs: • Food Chains are: • Food Chain Orders • 1st - Producers - Plants • 2nd - Herbivoers - ______ • 3rd - Carnivoers - ______ • 4th - Decomposers - ________ • Food Webs are: • A food web includes all the ____ _____ in an ecosystem. • Biological Magnification is:

22. Roles of Living Things • All ecosystems do 2 things: transfer energy and cycle matter. • Producers: Make their own food (Plants-Photosynthesis) • Consumers: Cannot make their own food(Animals) Herbivores: Plant-Eaters Carnivores: Animal-Eaters Omnivores: Plant/Animal Eaters Scavengers: Feed on bodies of dead organisms • Decomposers: Bacteria and Fungi that consume bodies of dead organisms

23. Trophic Levels 3rd Order Consumer 2nd Order Consumer 1st Order Consumer Heterotroph(can’t make own food) Producer Autotroph(make their own food)

24. Food Web & Food Chains • Food Chain- a series of different organisms that transfer food between the trophic levels of an ecosystem. • Food Web- a network of food chains representing the feeding relationships among the organisms. (No Decomposers)

25. YOUR TURN • You are to design a Food Web using the foam creatures given. • You must use the following words on your food web showing your understanding of the word and what organism it represents. • *Producer *Autotroph *Consumer *Heterotroph • *1st Order Consumer *2nd Order Consumer • *3rd Order Consumer *Herbivore • *Carnivore *Omnivore • You must draw arrows coming from the organism to the organism it will be eaten by. • On the back you must write a story showing me your understanding of the food web. Make sure you use all Vocabulary Words.