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بسم الله الرحمن الرحیم. رابطه حقوق و اخلاق پزشکی Medical Ethics and The Law. دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمان. Introduction to medical ethics. Ethics or Moral Philosophy is the study of morals in human conduct. Introduction to medical ethics. Ethics deals with: What is right and wrong
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بسم الله الرحمن الرحیم دکتر عباس عباس زاده
رابطه حقوق و اخلاق پزشکیMedical Ethics and The Law دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمان
Introduction to medical ethics • Ethics or Moral Philosophy is the study of morals in human conduct دکتر عباس عباس زاده
Introduction to medical ethics • Ethics deals with: • What is right and wrong • What is good and bad • What ought and ought not to be done دکتر عباس عباس زاده
Introduction to medical ethics • The purpose of medical ethics is: • To rational coherent and consistent approach • To reasonable approach to making moral decisions • To universal moral principles for individual decision-making دکتر عباس عباس زاده
Introduction to medical ethics • The purpose of medical ethics is NOT: • To describe legal constraints • To formalize religious teaching or sentiments • To provide sociological or psychological explanations • To show historical or anthropological light دکتر عباس عباس زاده
Introduction to medical ethics • Why is medical ethics important? دکتر عباس عباس زاده
Introduction to medical ethics • Ethical Theories: • Utilitarian (consequentialism) • Kantianism (deontology) • Virtue theory (narrative ethics) دکتر عباس عباس زاده
Introduction to medical ethics • Utilitarian (consequentialism) • Greatest good for the greatest number • Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) & John Stuart Mill (1806-73) • Outcomes are the most important of doing good • Good is defined in term of utility • Single principle = maximum utility دکتر عباس عباس زاده
Introduction to medical ethics • Kantianism (deontology) • Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) • A rule based ethical theory • The categorical impetrative is a unversalizability test • Moral rules are absolute that is they can’t be broken دکتر عباس عباس زاده
Introduction to medical ethics • Virtue theory (narrative ethics) • NeoAristotelians • Concentrates on character and motivation • Concerned with what is to be a good person rather than specific problems دکتر عباس عباس زاده
Introduction to medical ethics • The four Principles: • Autonomy • Beneficence • Non-maleficence • Justice دکتر عباس عباس زاده
Legal and moral rights • Legal rights are enshrined in legislation • Moral rights may not have an equivalent legal rights and some legal rights may not be moral rights • The most important legislation that deal with rights is the Human Rights Act 1998 from دکتر عباس عباس زاده
Legal and moral rights • Moral rights • Less easy to understand • Can be: • Negative rights • Positive rights دکتر عباس عباس زاده
Medical Law • Criminal / Civil law • Medical negligence • 1- duty of care • 2- Standard of care • 3- breach (نقض) • 4- Causation (تسبیب) • 5- Damage دکتر عباس عباس زاده
انواع ضمانت در رعایت اصول • قانون مجازات حکومتی • فقه عقوبت الهی • اخلاق عذاب وجدان دکتر عباس عباس زاده