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Joints of the Human Body

Joint Classification Synovial Joints Characteristics of synovial joint Types of synovial joints. Joints of the Human Body. Joint is a point of connection between two bones Strands of connective tissue, ligaments, hold the bones together and ensure the stability of joints.

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Joints of the Human Body

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  1. Joint Classification Synovial Joints Characteristics of synovial joint Types of synovial joints Joints of the Human Body Sport Books Publisher

  2. Joint is a point of connection between two bones • Strands of connective tissue, ligaments, hold the bones together and ensure the stability of joints Sport Books Publisher

  3. Joint Classification • Joints are classified according to their motion capabilities: • Synarthroses • Immovable • Amphiarthroses • Slightly movable • Diarthroses • Allow the greatest amount of motion Sport Books Publisher

  4. Joint Classification Cont’d • Joints are further classified by the material that joints them: • Fibrous joint • Allow no movement • E.g. sutures of the scull • Cartilaginous joints • Allow limited movement • E.g. intervertebral discs • Synovial joints • Allow large range of movements • E.g. hip joint Sport Books Publisher

  5. Fibrous Joint - Synarthroses Sport Books Publisher

  6. Cartilaginous Joint-Amphiarthroses Sport Books Publisher

  7. Synovial Joint-Diarthroses Sport Books Publisher

  8. Types of Synovial Joints • There are three basic types of synovial joints: • unilateral (rotation only about one axis) • biaxial joints (movement about two perpendicular axes) • multiaxial joints (movement about all three perpendicular axes) Sport Books Publisher

  9. Hinge Joint • Uniaxial • Has one articulating surface that is convex, and another that is concave • E.g. humero-ulnar elbow joint, interphalangeal joint Sport Books Publisher

  10. Pivot Joint • Uniaxial • E.g. head of radius rotating against ulna Sport Books Publisher

  11. Condyloid/Ellipsoidal Joint • Biaxial (flexion-extension, abduction-adduction) • The joint surfaces are usually oval • One joint surface is an ovular convex shape, and the other is a reciprocally shaped concave surface Sport Books Publisher

  12. Saddle Joint • Biaxial (flexion-extension, abduction-adduction) • The bones set together as in sitting on a horse Sport Books Publisher

  13. Ball and Socket Joint • Multiaxial (rotation in all planes) • A rounded bone is fitted into a cup=like receptacle Sport Books Publisher

  14. Plane (Gliding) Joint • Uniaxial (permits gliding movements) • The bone surfaces involved are nearly flat • E.g. Carpal and Tarsals Sport Books Publisher

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