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PHYSICS FINAL STUDY GUIDE Ms. Cross Period 6 12/11/12 Christianna Field-Green – UNIT 1

PHYSICS FINAL STUDY GUIDE. Ms. Cross Period 6 12/11/12 Christianna Field-Green – UNIT 1 Eavan Thomas –UNIT 2 Chandler Loftus – UNIT 3. PHYSICS FINAL STUDY GUIDE Ms. Cross Period 6 12/11/12 Christianna Field-Green – UNIT 1 Evan –UNIT 2 Chandler Loftus – UNIT 3.

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PHYSICS FINAL STUDY GUIDE Ms. Cross Period 6 12/11/12 Christianna Field-Green – UNIT 1

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  1. PHYSICS FINAL STUDY GUIDE • Ms. Cross • Period 6 • 12/11/12 • Christianna Field-Green – UNIT 1 • Eavan Thomas –UNIT 2 • Chandler Loftus – UNIT 3 • PHYSICS FINAL STUDY GUIDE • Ms. Cross • Period 6 • 12/11/12 • Christianna Field-Green – UNIT 1 • Evan –UNIT 2 • Chandler Loftus – UNIT 3

  2. Christianna Field-Green • 12/11/12 • Period 6 • Ms. Cross • Physics Unit 1 Chapters 1-3 Notes: Significant Figures: • A “sig fig” is a non-zero digit (493), a zero that is between other sig figs (.4089), and sometimes a zero at the end of a number (5000) Scientific Notation: • Simplifies large numbers into three digit numbers with a decimal point, and multiplies the resulting number by 10 to the power of the number of zeros that were taken away. EX: 5680000 becomes 5.68 x 10^6 Dimensional Analysis: • Used to convert measurements (page 6 in text) • Always use conversation factors that equal 1 (i.e. 1 hour/60 minutes) until you are able to cancel out the units you do not want and are left with the desired units. Scalars and Vectors: • Vectors: Quantities that have both size and direction • Scalars: Quantities that are just numbers without any direction, such as distance, time, or temperature. Position-Time Graph: • Data represented by plotting the time data on a horizontal axis and the position data on a vertical axis.

  3. Pythagorean Theorem: a c b a^2 + b^2 + c^2 • Distance: Full length traveled (not always straight line). • Displacement: Distance between start and end points. Velocity: • Dependent on direction • Average Speed: How fast an object is moving. • Average velocity: The slope of a position-time graph for an object. (df-di)/(tf-ti) Acceleration: • Acceleration=rate of change in velocity (vf-vi / t) • Average Acceleration: The change in velocity during some measurable time interval divided by that time interval. • Acceleration Due to Gravity: The acceleration of an object in free fall that results from the influence of Earth’s gravity. Equations: • v=(df-di)/t or v=d/t • a=(vf-vi)/t • vf^2=vi^2 + 2ad • df=di + vit + (1/2)at^2 • vf=vi+at • Christianna Field-Green

  4. Sample Problems: • 1.A mountain Lion runs 200m in 24.4s. What is the velocity in m/s and mph? • 2.A train accelerates at a constant rate from 20m/s to 33m/s while it travels 135m. How long does this motion take? • 3.A soccer ball falls freely from a high window. • a. What is its velocity after 3.3s? • b. How far does the soccer ball fall during the first 3.3s? • 4.A giraffe jumps to a vertical height of 3.6m. • How long was it in the air before returning to Earth? • Christianna Field-Green

  5. 5.Andrea is driving down a road at 7m/s. Suddenly a squirrel dashes into the street. If it takes Andrea .62s to react and apply the brakes. How many meters will she have moved before she begins to slow down? • Christianna Field-Green

  6. Chandler Loftus 12/11/12 Period 6 Ms. Cross Physics Unit 3- Chapters 5, 6 Vocabulary Components- a vector parallel to the x-axis and another parallel axisVector Resolution- the process of breaking down a vector into its componentsKinetic Friction- results from one surface exerting a force on another surfaceStatic Friction-Coefficient of Kinetic Friction- The coefficient of kinetic friction u(k) tells us how rough or smooth the frictional force is between two surfaces. It opposes the movement of the object in motion. Coefficient of Static Friction- The ratio of the maximum possible frictional force, parallel to the surface of contact, which acts to prevent two bodies in contact, and at rest with respect to each other, from sliding or rolling over each other, to the force, normal to the surface of contact, with which the bodies press against each other. Equilibrant- a force that puts an object in equilibrium Projectile- a body projected or impelled forward, as through the air. Trajectory-the path that a projectile makes through space under the action of given forces such as thrust, wind, and gravity Uniform Circular Motion-circular motion is a movement of an object along the circumference of a circle or rotation along a circular path. It can be uniform, with constant angular rate of rotation (and constant speed), or non-uniform with a changing rate of rotation. Centripetal Acceleration- acting, moving, or pulling toward a center or axis Centripetal Force- a force that pulls a rotating or spinning object toward a center or axis

  7. Friction always acts in a direction opposite to the motion. If you have static friction then it acts in the opposite direction to intended motion. • The magnitude of the force of friction depends on the magnitude of the normal force between the two rubbing forces. Doesn’t necessarily depend on the weight of either object. • Multiplying the coefficient of static friction and the normal force gives you the maximum static friction force. • All surfaces- even ones smooth in appearance(ice, photo etc) are rough at a microscopic level • When 2 surfaces touch the high points connect and form temporary bonds which are the source for static and kinetic energy • Both vertical and horizontal motions of a projectile are independent • Vertical motion component of a projectile experiences a constant acceleration • Without air resistance, the horizontal motion component does not experience an acceleration and has constant velocity • Projectile problems: Use vertical motion to relate height, time in air, and initial velocity. Then you can get distance traveled horizontally. • Projectile range depends on acceleration due to gravity both components of the initial velocity • Object moving in a circle at constant speed accelerates towards the center causing centripetal acceleration • Projectile motion the trajectory is equal to half arc • Gravity is the only force on a projectile • ax=0 • ay=-9.8 • Vx is constant • Viy =0 • X and Y have the same time CHANDLER LOFTUS - FORCES AND MOTION IN TWO DIMENSIONS

  8. Force and Motion Problems and how to solve them 1. Draw out the problem so that you have an accurate picture/diagram of what it is asking. 2. Draw a free body diagram(correct direction of arrows) and make sure you use triangles so that it will be easier to incorporate your formulas! 3. Locate your X and Y components. 4. Now use the GUESS method to solve. G ivens Unknowns Equations Solve Solution CHANDLER LOFTUS - FORCES AND MOTION IN TWO DIMENSIONS

  9. Formulas V=d/t A=(vf-vi)/t Vf^2= Vi^2+2ad Df= Di+vit+.5at^2 Fnet=ma Fnet= F1+F2+F3 Ff=uFn Fg=mg Up=Down Ac=(V^2)/r • T=2r/v CHANDLER LOFTUS - FORCES AND MOTION IN TWO DIMENSIONS

  10. CHANDLER LOFTUS - FORCES AND MOTION IN TWO DIMENSIONS

  11. CHANDLER LOFTUS - FORCES AND MOTION IN TWO DIMENSIONS

  12. CHANDLER LOFTUS - FORCES AND MOTION IN TWO DIMENSIONS

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