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Physics in concert

Physics in concert. Sound. Electricity. Lighting. Objectives. To understand how engineers use physics to set up a concert. Sound. A sound-system increases the volume of the sound. Speaker. Amplifier. Microphone. Mixing desk. Sound-system.

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Physics in concert

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  1. Physics in concert

  2. Sound Electricity Lighting Objectives To understand how engineers use physics to set up a concert

  3. Sound A sound-system increases the volume of the sound. Speaker Amplifier Microphone Mixing desk

  4. Sound-system A microphone is used to turn the sound wave from the music on the stage into an electronic signal.

  5. Sound-system The electronic signal is sent via a mixing desk to the amplifier, which boosts the signal.

  6. Sound-system The signal is turned back in to a (louder) sound by the speakers. Ear

  7. Sound-pitch Differentmusical instruments have different pitches. High pitch Low pitch

  8. Sound-pitch High pitch sounds have a higher frequency High pitch Low pitch

  9. Q1 Signals for three different sound waves are shown below. (i) which signal is from the loudest sound? (ii) which signal is from the highest pitch sound?

  10. Sound levels • Sound levels are measured in decibels (dB) 120 dB or above can lead to instant hearing damage

  11. Sound-speed Sound travels to the audience at a speed of 330 m/s Speed = distance ÷ time

  12. Sound at a concert Q2 The speed of sound is 330 m/s. How long it takes sound to travel 40 m?

  13. Lighting at a concert Red, green and blue are used for stage lighting.

  14. Lighting at a concert Other colour effects can be produced by mixing these three lights. Yellow Green Red Cyan Magenta Blue

  15. Lighting at a concert The colour an object appears depends on the colours it absorbs or reflects.

  16. Lighting at a concert The colour an object appears depends on the colours it absorbs or reflects.

  17. Lighting at a concert Q3 An artist on stage wears a red T-shirt with a yellow star motif, and blue trousers. Complete the table showing how his costume appears under different colour lighting.

  18. Lighting at a concert

  19. Lighting at a concert

  20. Lighting at a concert

  21. Lighting at a concert

  22. Lighting at a concert

  23. Lighting at a concert

  24. Review: Colour mixing

  25. Making electricity The electricity for outdoor concerts needs to be produced on-site using a generator. Generator

  26. Supplying electricity Thick cables are used to carry large electrical currents to the sound and lighting systems. Electrical cables Plug-in points for sound or lighting equipment Generator

  27. Electrical current The larger the current, the thicker the cable needed. The current in the cables can be calculated using the relationship current = power ÷ voltage

  28. Electrical current Q4 A lamp with a power rating of 100 W. Calculate the current that flows when it is connected to a 240 V supply.

  29. Electrical circuits • The lighting and sound systems are connected in parallel to the generators Generator Lamp 1 Lamp 2

  30. Electrical circuits Q5 Explain the difference between a series and parallel circuit

  31. Engineers at a concert • Different engineers are responsible for the sound, lighting and electrical systems. Sound Engineer Electrical Engineer Lighting Engineer

  32. Choose an artist • Each person in your team will take on a different role • But first you must choose the artist or group you will represent… ? 2 minutes

  33. Select your role by looking at the key skills: 2 minutes

  34. Your role:

  35. Practice your skills • Complete the practice your skills worksheet that goes with your role

  36. Planning a concert • You will need to complete the task and poster sheet that goes with your role Sound Engineer Electrical Engineer Lighting Engineer

  37. Sound Level Performance area Artist requests • Check the card to see what your artist has requested. Satellite speaker distance

  38. Sound engineers

  39. Lighting engineers

  40. Electrical engineers

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