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07 – Byzantine Empire, Russia, Eastern Europe

07 – Byzantine Empire, Russia, Eastern Europe. Byzantine Empire. Capital at Constantinople “The New Rome”/”Second Rome” Greatest emperor: Justinian wrote Justinian Code , laws to unite the empire autocrat – Held absolute power Empress Theodora was a great influence

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07 – Byzantine Empire, Russia, Eastern Europe

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  1. 07 – Byzantine Empire, Russia, Eastern Europe

  2. Byzantine Empire • Capital at Constantinople • “The New Rome”/”Second Rome” • Greatest emperor: Justinian • wrote Justinian Code, laws to unite the empire • autocrat – Held absolute power • Empress Theodora was a great influence • had church of Hagia Sophiabuilt in ad537 • Eastern Orthodox Christianity, also known as “Byzantine Christianity” • ad1081 begins attacks by Seljuk Turks • ad1453, Constantinople falls to Ottoman Turks

  3. Christian Split EASTERN CHURCH • capital at Constantinople • “Eastern Orthodox” or “Byzantine Christianity” • Greek • Patriarch • chosen by much of Eastern Europe, especially Russia • Cyrillic alphabet used to write the Bible in Slavic languages WESTERN CHURCH • capital at Rome • “Roman Catholicism” • Latin • Pope • appointed Holy Roman Emperor, ad800 • chosen by Western Europe and Poland

  4. Russia Ch7, section 2 • Slavic people mixed with Vikings at Kiev, 1st capital of Russia since ad879 • ad957 – Princess Olga of Kiev converts to Byzantine Christianity • Prince Vladimir (grandson) marries sister of Byzantine Emperor and orders his people to convert • Russia considers itself heir to Byzantium • Adopted Cyrillic alphabet • 1223-1242 Mongol invasions and rule of Russia • Russian Orthodox Church separates from Constantinople • 1300, Moscow becomes 2nd capital of Russia • 1472 – Ivan III the Great calls Russia “Third Rome” • Ivan IV the Terrible first uses word czar as title for Russian emperor

  5. 7.2 Russia

  6. Main Ideas & supports • The Byzantines preserved and spread the heritage of Greece and Rome. • Scholars left Constantinople and brought their knowledge to Italy. • They kept alive Greek art, literature, and science. • The Byzantines lost their settlements in Italy.

  7. Main Ideas & supports • The Mongol conquest had mixed results in Russia. • The Mongol Empire was divided after the death of Genghis Khan. • The Mongols isolated Russia from the rest of Europe. • The Russians were allowed to keep their own laws, customs, and religions.

  8. Main Ideas & supports • Ivan the Great extended the power of Moscow. • He ruled Russia as an autocrat. • He enlarges the territory of Moscow so that it was the largest state at that time. • Under his rule, Moscow became known as the Third Rome and the one true seat of the Roman Empire.

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