Illustrations and Answers for TDT4252 exam , June 2011

1. Illustrations and Answers for TDT4252 exam, June 2011

2. 1a. Functional Modelling Methods • Most functional modelling methods are based on a functional decomposition principle: functions of the system modelled are decomposed into sub-functions, sub-functions into sub-functions, and so on. • Functions can be activities or processes. • Functions are then connected by means of a precedence relationship to model the business processes of the enterprise. Ref: Vernadat, 1996

3. 1a. IDEF0: Syntax • A model of a function at the highest level of inputs, outputs, controls and mechanisms. ICOMs Controls • Inputs: items that trigger or are transformed in the activity • Controls: guide or regulate the activity • Mechanisms: resources used to perform the activity • Outputs: results of the activity or items processed or transformed Function Inputs Outputs Mechanisms

4. 1a. IDEF0: Decomposition • The top level is called a context.

5. 1b. IDEF0: Strengths & Weaknesses • Strenghts: • Effective in detailing the system activities for function modelling. • Provide a concise description of systems, by using the ICOMs (Input, Control, Mechanism, Mechanism) • The hierarchical nature allows the system to be easily refined into greater detail. • Weaknesses: • Can be so concise that only domain experts can understand. • Can be misinterpreted as representing a sequence of activities.

6. Question 1c ICOMs Decomposition Precedencerelationship

7. 2a. Enterprise Modelling: Definitions • A computational representation of the structure, activities, processes, information, resources, people, behaviour, goals and constraints of a business, government, or other enterprise. (Fox & Gruninger) • Enterprise modelling is the set of activities or processes used to develop the various parts of an enterprise model to address some desired modelling finality. (Vernadat) • An enterprise model is a consistent set of special- purpose and complementary models describing various facets of an enterprise to satisfy some purpose of some business users. (Vernadat) • A collective name for the use of models in Enterprise Engineering and Enterprise Integration. (Bernus)

8. 2b. Benefits of Enterprise Modelling • To build a common enterprise culture and shared vision to be communicated through the enterprise via the model, used as a common language. • To capitalise enterprise knowledge and know-how to build an enterprise memory, which becomes a part of the enterprise assets. • To support decision making concerning enterprise improvement or control. Ref: Vernadat

9. Question 2d The aimofthisexercise is thatthe students areable to show the NTNU organistaion as several ”domains”, e.g. organisationchart, rules, IT services, coursesoffered by them, other services such as bookshops, etc. so that it is possible for thedifferentpeople in NTNU to establish a commonview and understanding. So, the students shouldexplainthisthrough an illustration. An exampleof a possibleillustration is shown.

10. Question 3a, basic concepts of AKM • To be an active model: • A visual model must first and foremost be available to the users of the operational information system at the time of execution. • The model must automatically influence the behaviour of the computerised work system support and workplace. • The model must be dynamically extended and adapted; users must be supported in changing the model to fit their local needs, enabling tailoring of the work environment’s behaviour. • Active knowledge Modelling is capturing knowledge involved in building workplaces, in supporting work execution and knowledge generated by work execution. • An active knowledge Model must support reflective views of the knowledge aspect.

11. Question 3b: basicconceptof AKM • Designers and engineers must have a workplace and the services that evolve with knowledge that is created and aggregated. • The data and knowledge stored in and reactivated from an Active Knowledge Architecture (AKA). • Active: implies that AKA’s contents (roles, task patterns, information structures, etc.) will automatically configure the workplaces. Work-centric data created in the workplaces are automatically folded back into the AKA. A figureresemblingthisshould be there – that shows theinteractionbetweenthe AKA/AKM and theworkplace configures AKA Workplaces New knowledge

12. 3c. Enterprise Knowledge Spaces • 4 knowledgespaces: • Personal Space: Your own work that you have to perform in the development of the mobile application, such as developing specific parts of the code or documentation. • Innovation space : Your colleagues or group members, where you collaborate with to develop the ideas and products in the project. • Business Network: The customer and other parties that you may interact with, e.g. the other groups or suppliers of a software or equipment. • Community space : the others such as the end users that may use your applications, open source community, etc.

13. 5a. What is Enterprise Architecture? • A formal description of an enterprise, a detailed map of the enterprise at component level to guide its changes. • The structure of an enterprise’s components, their inter-relationships, and the principles and guidelines governing their design and evolution over time.

14. Term Paper • The term paper is a report that must include the following: • Textual descriptions of the case, rationale for modelling or the purpose of modellingand design of the model. • Design of model must include: • Who are the users? • What is the purpose of the model? • What do you want to achieve with your model? • How would you evaluate your model? • A Metis model with the following requirements (screen shots of the model must be incorporated in the report): • Includes atleast 5 aspects or domains and relationships among them. • Explanation of changes to the metamodels (when “General objects and Relationships” are used). • 3 Different model views – explaining the rationale for the views (user perspective). • 1 Relationship Matrix – explaining the rationale for this. • Evaluation of the model - e.g. does the model serve its purpose?Discussion of the model in relation to Enterprise Architectures – how can the model contribute to an Enterprise Architecture? How does your model relate to an Enterprise Architecture?