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Evaluation of the Efficacy of a School-Based Educational Intervention for Reducing Arsenic Exposure in Bangladesh. Joseph Graziano, Khalid Khan, Faruque Parvez Department of Environmental Health Sciences Pam Factor-Litvak Department of Epidemiology Xinhua Liu Department of Biostatistics
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Evaluation of the Efficacy of a School-Based Educational Intervention for Reducing Arsenic Exposure in Bangladesh Joseph Graziano, Khalid Khan, Faruque Parvez Department of Environmental Health Sciences Pam Factor-Litvak Department of Epidemiology Xinhua Liu Department of Biostatistics Lex van Geen Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory Kazi Matin Ahmed Department of Geology, Dhaka University
Early/Immediate Skin Lesions: Melanosis Keratosis Other Conditions Diabetes Mellitus Non-pitting edema Respiratory lesions Cognitive deficits Black-foot Disease Late Cancers: Skin Bladder Lung Liver Neuro/Vascular: Hypertension Stroke Neuropathy Known Health Effects of Arsenic
Purpose of the Earth Clinic Funding • Install deep, safer wells at 18 elementary schools that have water As concentrations as high as 500 ug/L, far in excess of the WHO guideline of 10 ug/L. • Evaluate a school-based educational intervention that encourages the use of wells that are relatively low in As and Mn.
Relationship Between Water Arsenic Concentrations and Intellectual Function
The Focus of this Earth Clinic Project isEducation Concerning Arsenic and Health Arsenic has numerous adverse health effects, including effects on cognitive development of children. There is a lack of systematic education on arsenic in schools in Bangladesh. Until now, teachers have not been trained to disseminate knowledge about arsenic in class.
Intervention Groups B1 (Urine ) B2 (No Urine) N1=210 N2=210 Control Groups C1 (Urine) C2 (No Urine) N3=210 N4=210 Heavy Intervention (A) JG’s Child Study (Urine) N5=140 Baseline Questionnaire Survey School Based Intervention in Intervention Groups (B1, B2 & A) Classroom Based Education B1, B2 & A Follow Up (Urine Collection & Well Switching Info)
Study Area: Elementary Schools in Araihazar Total Number of Schools = 28 18 Schools have As-contaminated wells!!
Educational Intervention: Basic Steps Study Trainer Teachers Children in Schools Teachers Posters, Books, Photographs, Art Competition
Update: Baseline WorkQuestionnaire Survey, Urine Collection and Well Testing for As & MnCompleted in December 2008, Data Entry is in Progress
Update: Intervention School Based Education Program has already started. Safer wells will soon be installed at the 18 schools and in both intervention and control villages, to provide them with safer drinking water.