Unit 1 Art

1. Unit 1 Art

2. 基础知识自测

3. 一、单词拼写 根据读音、词性和词义写出下列单词。 1._____________ [ `skʌlptʃə ] n.雕塑 2. ____________ [`gæləri ] n. 画廊 3. ____________ [ `simbəl ] n. 象征；符号 4. ____________ [ ri`lidʒən ]n. 宗教；宗教信仰 5. ____________ [ dʒi`ɔmitri ] n. 几何学 6. ____________[ .sivilai`zeiʃɚn ]n.文明 7. ____________[ `distrikt ]  n. 区域 8. ____________ [ .eksi`biʃən ]n.展览会 9. ____________ [ `ʃædəu ]  n. 阴影；影子 10. ____________ [ `ævənju:] n. 林阴道；大街 sculpture gallery symbol religion geometry civilization district exhibition shadow avenue

4. tip 11. ____________ [ tip] n. 提示；小费；顶 12. ____________ [ kən`vins ] vt.使信服 13. ____________ [ pri`dikt ] vt. 预言；预测 14. ____________ [ `æbstrækt ]adj.抽象的 15. ____________ [ ə`gresiv ]adj.侵略的;好斗的 16. ____________ [ .kɔntrə`və:ʃəl ]adj.荒谬的 17._____________[ `pə:mənənt ]adj.永久的；持久的 18. _____________ [ .kɔntrə`və:ʃəl ] adj.争议的 19. _____________ [ `nauədeiz ] adv. 现今 20. ______________[ `kɔnsikwəntli ] adv.所以 convince predict abstract aggressive ridiculous permanent controversial nowadays consequently

5. 二、单词运用 根据句子的意义及所给的首字母提示写出单词的适当形式，完成句子。 1.N______________, more and more families own cars. 2.There is a general b_________ that things will be soon get better. 3.She didn’t study at all, and c_______________, he failed all his exams. 4.In the evening you s__________ is longer than you are.. 5.He lost all his p_______________ in the tsunami and he is poor and homeless now. nowadays belief consequently shadow possession

6. 6.He didn’t want to be a temporary staff in the company. He just wanted to work p____________ there. 7.Scientist can now p_________ when and where a hurricane will take place. 8.What you said really sounds a___________ . Could you explain it in details? 9.I had some difficulty c____________ the boss that I was the right man for the position. 10.The a________ of the project is to help the people who suffer aids. permanent predict abstract convincing aim

7. 三、词语派生 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。 1. The government predicted that the economy will improve. However, not many people agree with the _________________ . 2. His paintings were exhibited in the local art gallery last week and the ______________ is a great success. 3. Her necklace was valued at $30,000, which is quite ______________. 4. My granny possesses an ancient vase and it is one of her __________________ . 5. Jim has nothing to do today and he is walking on the street ____________ (aim). prediction exhibition valuable possessions aimlessly

8. 6. I need some information of getting a _____________ (scholar) in your university. 7. After they got married, they decided to settle _______________ (permanent) in France. 8. With the teacher’s ______________ (convince) words, the students are determined to win the game. 9. There is a general __________ (believe) that things will soon get better. 10. Environmental damage threatens the whole of ____________ (civil). scholarship permanently convincing belief civilization

9. 四、词组互译 将下列词组或短语译成中文或英语。 1. ________________ 以……为目标 2. __________________ 取代 3. ________________ 把……集中…… 4. ________________ 大量 5. ________________ 试图做某事 6. ________________ 现代艺术 7. ________________ 值得 8. _________________ 拥有 aim at take the place of focus on a great deal of attempt to do modern art be worth in possession of

10. 9. a bunch of _______________ 10. in the flesh __________________________ 11. in the late 19th century ___________________ 12. scores of _____________________ 13. the Renaissance ___________________ 14. would rather _______________________ 15. a professional artist ____________________ 16. convince sb. of sth. _____________________ 一串 现实生活中的; 本人 十九世纪末 许多;大量 文艺复兴(时期) 宁愿 一位职业艺术家 使某人信服某事

11. 五、词组运用 从上述短语中选择恰当的短语翻译下列句子。 1.电脑是不可以取代人类的，因为电脑是由人类控制的。 _______________________________________________because computer is controlled by human. 2.在文艺复兴时期，画家在作品中焦点是人而不是宗教。 During the renaissance, the paintings of the artists __________________________________________ 3.西湖很漂亮，很值得一游。 The West Lake is very beautiful, _____________________________________ Computer can not take the place of human didn’t focus on religion but people which is worth a visit.

12. 4.那个囚犯企图逃跑，但失败了。 The prisoner ______________________________ 5.这家化工排除大量的污水。 This chemical factory ___________________________ ______________________________________________ 6.有许多人等着比赛的结果。 _____________________________, waiting for the result of the match. 7.是谁拥有这些财产？ ________________________________________ attempted to escape, but failed. drained out a great deal of waste water. There were scores of people Who is in possession of the property?

13. 8.这个小男孩尽力使他的父亲信服他的诚实。 The little boy tried to __________________________ __________________________________________ 9.他如此紧张以致到他不能集中精神考试。 He was so nervous that ______________________ 10.他的目标是考上一所重点大学。 _________________________________________ convince his father of his honesty. he couldn’t focus on his test. He aimed at entering a key university.

14. Language points

15. 1.abstract adj.抽象的; 深奥的 n.摘要 an abstract concept 抽象概念 abstract philosophical problems 深奥的哲学问题 Her ideas seem a little abstract. 她的思想有点儿让人费解。 Astronomy is an abstract subject. 天文学是一门深奥的学科。 To make an abstract of a speech 将演说作 一摘要

16. in the abstract 就一般而言， 理论上来讲 abstract sth from sth 从某物中提炼出某物 我们将从理论上来考虑这个问题。 We will consider this problem _____ _____ _____. 将一本书做成一个摘要。 Make _____ _____ of a book. 橡胶是从树木提取的。 rubber is _________ from trees. in the abstract an abstract abstracted

17. 2. faithn.信任，信赖，信心；信仰，信条 1)信念; 信任, 完全信赖(+in) [+that] He always puts hisfaith in the future. 他对未来总是抱有信心。 2)信仰; 宗教信仰; 信条(+in) People of every faith attended the mayor's funeral. 信仰不同宗教的人士出席了市长的葬礼。

18. 3. Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones, starting from the sixth century AD. consequently = as a result, therefore 因此 The bank refused to help the company; consequently, it went bankrupt. She overslept and, consequently, she was late.

19. It rained that day and ___ the baseball game was called off. A. however B. still C. so D. consequently As a result of her mother’s illness, she left school. Her mother became ill; ____________ she left school. consequently

20. 4. During the Renaissance, new ideas and values replaced those held in the Middle Ages. 文艺复兴时期，新的观点和价值观取代了中世纪人们坚持的观点和价值观。 take the place of=take one’s place =replace 代替

21. take place 发生, 举办 take one’s place 就座,坐下 如果他不来的话, 谁会替代他呢? Who will take the place of him if he doesn’t come? Who will take his place if he doesn’t come ?

22. 5. During the Middle Ages, the main aim of the painters was to represent religious themes. 中世纪，画家们的主要目的是表达宗教主题。 take aim at 瞄准 = aim at sth. be aimed at 旨在; 目的在于; 针对 with the aim of 有…的目的 without aim 无目的的, 胡乱地

23. 这些措施旨在削减政府的开支。 These measures are ______ ____ government costs. 他没有瞄准就开枪。 He fired _______ ____. 他的人生没有目标。 He has____ ____ in life. aimed at without aim no aim

24. 6. typicaladj典型的；有代表性的 Eg: a typical British summer 典型的英国夏天 typical + of 1)典型的,有代表性的 This painting is typical of his early work. 这幅画是他早期的代表作。 2) 特有的,独特的;表现特征的 It was typical of him to be so merciless. 只有他才会这么冷酷无情。

25. 1.In a ______ display, colored streamers seem to race across the sky. 典型的一种现象是：彩色的光流划过天际。 2.This chair is ______ of Anthony's way of designing furniture. 这把椅子是安东尼式家具设计的代表。 typical typical

26. 7. They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and possessions. 他们雇请著名艺术家来画他们，及他们的住宅和其他的财产。 possession 拥有, 占有, 所有, 领土, 领地,财产(常用复数)

27. 富人 个人财产 他放弃了这房子的所有权。 a man of great possessions personal possessions He gave up __________ of the house. possession

28. Sb…in possession of 某人拥有某物 Sth..in the possession of sb 为某人拥有 Sth..in one’s possession possess v. He possesses two cars. He is in possession of two cars. Two cars are in his possession. 他有两辆汽车。 你是怎样得到它的? How did you get ( take ) possession of it?

29. 8. When people first saw his paintings, they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene. 人们初次看到他的作品，认为是通过在墙上的一个小孔看到了真实的场景。 convince vt.使确信 说服 convince sb. of sth convince sb. to do sth. be convinced of sth

30. 我们说服她搭火车去。 We___________ her______ by train. 她试图使我们相信她的清白。 She tried to ________________ her innocence. 我坚信她是清白无辜的. convinced to go convinced us of

31. 他劝我应该学法律。 He convinced me that I should study law. 花费了许多个小时法庭才相信他有罪。 It took many hours to convince the court of his guilt. Everyone was convinced by his words.

32. 9. If the rules of perspective hadnot been discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures. 如果没有发现透视法，就没有人能画出如此逼真的画。 本句的谓语动词使用虚拟语气。如果条件从句中假设的情况不能实现，则是非真是条件句，要用虚拟语气。

33. If she were my daughter, I wouldn’t let her stay out the whole night. 如果她是我的女儿，我就不会让她整夜不归。 If I had had enough money, I would have bought a DV before travelling. 如果那时我有足够的钱，我会在旅行之前买一部数码摄像机的。

34. 10. By coincidence, oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper. 巧合的是，这一时期油画颜料也得到了发展，使得画的颜色看上去更丰富，更深沉。

35. 这是which 引导的，是定语从句，指的是前面的句子 oil paints were also developed at this time。 类似的用法有： His wife died, which made his life change greatly. 他妻子去世了，这使得他的生活发生了巨大的变化。

36. 11. Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous. 没有新的颜料和新的（绘画）手法，我们就不能看到很多使这一时期著名的杰作。

37. 这里有without引动的介词短语是一个暗含的非真实条件，逐句用虚拟语气we would not be able to see。类似的用法有： Without your help, he would not pass the test. 没有你的帮助，他就不能通过这次测试。

38. 12. In the late 19th,Europe changed a great deal. a great deal = a good deal 大量的; a great deal of = a good deal of 大量的; He ate ______________for supper yesterday. He ran _____________ faster than me. She is _____________ better today. She has _____________ experience. I have _______________work to do. I was ______________surprised. a great deal a great deal a great deal a great deal of a great deal of a great deal a great deal of money / information / water

39. 13. Nowadays, there are scores of modern art styles. scores of 很多, 几十 score 二十; (比赛)的得分 There are scores of rooms in the hotel. I’ve seen the film scores of times. Scores of people were killed in the fight. 足球比赛的比分是四比一。 The score in the football game was 4 - 1.

40. 七十岁, 古稀之年 六十人 许多年前 three score (years) and ten three score of people scores of years ago 我需要一打铅笔. (二十只铅笔) 他买了三打啤酒. 我们去广州十几次了. I need a dozen pencils. I need a score of pencils. He bought three dozen bottles of beer. We have been to Guangzhou dozens of times.

41. 1. He spent _____________money on books and __________his books are about space and satellite. • A great deal of, a good many of • a good many; a great number of • a large quantity of; a large amount of • many; plenty of

42. 2. She bought __________eggs yesterday, but there were ______________ them broken. • two scores of; scores of • scores of; two scores of • scores of; two score of • score of; two score

43. 14. The painter does not attempt to paint objects as we see them with our eyes, but instead concentrates on certain qualities of the objects. attempt n. 努力, 尝试, 企图 vt.尝试, 企图 The second question was so difficult that I didn’t even attempt it. I attempted to speak but was told to keep quiet. She made an attempt to lock the door.

44. 15. on the other hand (可是） 另一方面 on the one hand一方面 Eg: 1) On the one hand, she taught English; on the other hand she learned Chinese. 她一方面教英语，一方面学习汉语。 2) On the one hand I admire his gifts, but on the other hand I distrust his judgment. 一方面我承认他有天分，而另一方面我却怀疑他的判断力。

45. 1) _________________, it may strike oil at a fairly high level. 另一方面，也可能在相当浅的地方打出油来。 2) I know this job of mine isn’t well paid, but________________ I don’t have to work long hours. 我知道这份工作报酬不高，但从另一方面来讲来说，我也不必工作太长时间。 On the other hand on the otherhand

46. 16. predictvt.预言，预测，预告 I can predict something with great accuracy. 我能很准确地预测某事。 预言;预料;预报[+that] [+wh-] He predicted that an earthquake was imminent. 他预言即将发生地震。 He predicted a good harvest. 他预言丰收

47. 1.The economists _________ an increase in the rate of inflation. 经济学家预言通货膨胀率将会增长。 predicted 2.It’s hard to _______ when it will happen. 很难预见这件事何时发生。 predict

48. Useful structure ( 20ms ) The Subjunctive Mood

49. The Subjunctive Mood I. 概念: 语气是用来表示谈话人的态度和看法的动词形式. 英语有三种语气: ①陈述语气(同陈述句)②祈使语气(同祈使句), ③虚拟语气. 虚拟语气不表示一个事实,而是表示一种假设情况. II. 形式: 虚拟语气的动词形式在条件状语从句中, 其 主从句形式有较固定的形式要求(见III.用法1),在 名词性从句中多用should +原形, 在定语从句, wish后面所接的宾语从句, 以及其它状语从句 中用过去时.

50. III. 用法: 1. 用于条件状语从句中: 构 成 主从 句 虚拟条件 从句 例 句 主 句 时态 与现在事实相反的 假设 If + 主语 + 动词过去时 (be用 were) 主语 + would/ should/could/ might + 动词 原形 If I had time, I would attend the meeting. If you had taken my advice, you’dhave passed the exam. 与过去事实相反的 假设 主语 + would/ should/could/ might + have + 过去分词 If + 主语 + had +过去分词