FLORENCE NIGHTENGALE

1. FLORENCE NIGHTENGALE The Lady With the Lamp

2. Group #4 Autumn Davis Elizabeth Godin Stephanie Mansfield Tara Scholtz John Woodcox Kristen Ziolkowski

3. Florence’s Model Environment was the main focus 5 main interests Pure air Pure water Efficient drainage Cleanliness Light

4. Florence’s Model Florence was gifted with math and introduced graphs and documents to show statics and trends

5. Patient Care Florence Nightingale worked diligently to provide a safe and clean environment for her patients. After taking into account the alarmingly high mortality rates she began implementing the use of clean practices and adequate dietary intake.

6. Dietary • Diet for chronically ill patients should be monitored • Intake should be monitored • Meal scheduling • Meals should be edible • Meals should be prepared with clean water

7. Historical Evolution of the Model Then – 1800’s Now - 2010 Unclean environment No formal education for nurses No evidence based practice No rounding No respect for nursing Formal education Sterile/clean environment Use of empirical evidence Recognition of nursing as a profession

8. Metaparadigms PERSON Florence believed a person was an individual and treated them as such. They had four components. Biological Psychological Social Spiritual

9. Metaparadigms HEALTH • Being well • Use all resources • Control health through environment • Disease is repetitive • Nutrition is vital • Six D’s of diseases • Dirt- Provide a clean environment • Drink- Fresh Water • Diet- Proper diet • Damp- Clean dry environment • Drafts- Fresh air was required with minimal noise • Drain- proper drainage and sewage removal

10. Metaparadigms ENVIRONMENT • Influenced health • Vital to recovery • External and internal environment Keep it Dry

11. Metaparadigms NURSING • Nursing is a profession • Responsible for environment • Needs formal education • Is an art and a science • Distinct and separate from medicine

12. Unique Thoughts • Started the thought process on holism • Developed the use of empirical evidence • Cleanliness • Nutrition • Rounding Health is “not only to be well, but to be able to use well every power that we have” – Florence Nightingale

13. How we Use This In Clinical Practice • We now have evidence based practice • Standards of care • Holistic medicine • Hand washing • Clean/sterile technique • Rounding • Emotional support

14. How We Use This in Assessment • Subjective and objective information • Holistic medicine • Hourly rounding • The interview process • Documentation

15. Education Who is Flo? You know! • Base our teaching on her knowledge • ADLs • Diet • Rounding • Environment • Clean technique

16. Current Research • Nightingale’s ideas currently still practiced • Research continues to expand and evolve through • Evidence Based Practices- continually evolving, new ideas being introduced • Holistic Medicine – gaining popularity, more widely used, seen as being effective • Nurses are able to incorporate holistic nursing into their practice by understanding the principles of nursing and psychophysiological modalities • Methodologies are advancing, originating from Florence particularly in research • How research is done, why it is done, the development, conduction and implementation • Date collection and statistical analysis continues to expand

17. Current Research • Society • Takes responsibility for the implementation of clean and safe practices • Searches for clean waterand provides sanitation • Encourages staff to keep a clean environment • Contributed to a decrease in mortality and morbidity

18. Current Research • Education • Continually advancing • Greater public awareness • Studies, research and educational tools are available and being used today • Organizations began getting involved- facilitating further research and improving practices • CURN Conduct and Utilization Research in Nursing

19. Strengths • Driven & Heroic- throughout the era of the Crimean War • Hard working- during a time of mans work • Bravery- traveled to countries riddled with illness, warranted for cleaner environments, encouraged staff to clean barracks, provide edible food and gather supplies • Advocate- Wrote hundreds of letters to government officials informing them of the current conditions and advocating for better practices • Practiced holistic nursing- finding patients money, housing and food • Hospital administration- Maintained accurate records and relied on statistical information to help make the best decisions. • Teaching – setting up nursing schools and teaching students

20. Limitations Then • Although Florence Nightingale had many good ideas, women were often rejected when they attempted to become involved in medicine. • Privacy was not an issue and soldiers were kept in small areas without blankets. • Soldiers may have been unwashed and still in the same clothing they came to the hospital in as sanitation was not of large concern.

21. Limitations Then • Lack of knowledge may have helped spread cholera and malaria. • A women attempting to change the way a professional man practices was seen as a personal attack. • Restrictions prevented women from having careers even though their services were much needed.

22. Limitations Then • Few schools existed that could train and produce an educated nurse. Nursing was for working class women and not considered respectable. KING’S COLLEGE IN LONDON

23. Limitations Now • The price of receiving adequate medical care has become almost unaffordable for the average working class family. • The opportunity to profit from provided medical care and much needed prescription drugs has increased. • The endless resources (internet) has provided many with inaccurate information they now base medical decisions on.

24. New Insights • Florence Nightingale suspected there may be germs present that could be passed from one patient to another. Today we know this to be true and use hand washing, germicides, and gloves to help prevent the spread of disease and infection (germs). • Florence Nightingale used measurement to track improvement, the same concept many of us see on a skin and wound assessment sheet.

25. New Insights • Florence Nightingale wrote the first textbook on nursing, today nurses teach fellow nurses through the use of classrooms and nursing textbooks.

26. The Nightengale in the East Her heart it means good for no bounty she'll take, She'd lay down her life for the poor soldiers sake. She prays for the dying, she gives peace to the brave, She feels that the soldier has a soul to be saved. The wounded they love her as it has been seen, She's the soldier's preserver, they call her their Queen. May God give her strength, and her heart never fail, One of heaven's best gifts is Miss Nightingale.

27. References • Attewell, A. (2010). Florence Nightingale's relevance to nurses. Journal of Holistic Nursing, 28(1), 101-106. doi: 10.1177/0898010109357245 • Audain, C. (2010, July 2). Florence nightingale [Biographies of woman      mathematicians]. Retrieved October 14, 2010, from Agnes Scott College      website: http://www.agnesscott.edu/lriddle/women/nitegale.htm • Hacking, S. (2010). Florence Nightingale-a case study in excellence. Retrieved September/‌October, 2010, from http://ezinearticles.com/‌?Florence-Nightingale---A-Case-Study-in-Excellence&id=5141589 • Kearney-Nunnery, R. (2008). Advancing your career: Concepts of profession nursing (4th ed.). • Philadelphia, PA: F.A. Davis Company. (Original work published 1997) • Men in nursing. (2010). Retrieved October 9, 2010, from All nursing schools database. • Selanders, L. (2010). The power of environmental adaptation: Florence Nightingale's original theory for nursing practice. Journal of Holistic Nursing, 28(1), 81-88. doi: 10.1177/0898010109360257 • Stanley, D. & Sherratt, A. (2010). Lamp light on leadership: Clinical leadership and Florence Nightingale. Journal of Nursing Management, 18(1), 115-121. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2834.2010.01051.x

28. Questions • 1.) What do you think are some practices that may seem insignificant today but could have a profound impact on the future of patient care. • 2.) Compare and contrast the use of fresh air in hospitals. • 3.) Florence wrote letter to congressman often explaining to them the current situations. Explain how you could take more of an active role improving hospitals, payor sources or overall patient care.