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Knee Injuries

Knee Injuries. Destiny Lopez Dulce Lopez My Nguyen. Parts of the Knee. The Knee Joint. Bones: Femur Tibia Fibula Patella Menisci Medial Meniscus Lateral Meniscus Ligaments: MCL- Medial Collateral Ligament LCL- Lateral Collateral Ligament ACL- Anterior Cruciate Ligament

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Knee Injuries

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  1. Knee Injuries Destiny Lopez Dulce Lopez My Nguyen

  2. Parts of the Knee

  3. The Knee Joint • Bones: • Femur • Tibia • Fibula • Patella • Menisci • Medial Meniscus • Lateral Meniscus • Ligaments: • MCL- Medial Collateral Ligament • LCL- Lateral Collateral Ligament • ACL- Anterior Cruciate Ligament • PCL- Posterior Cruciate Ligament ACL PCL Medial Meniscus LCL Lateral Meniscus MCL

  4. Knee Sprains • Sprain-Ligament stretching or tearing • Grade-one sprains stretch the ligament but don't tear the fibers • Grade-two sprains partially tear the fibers, but the ligament remains intact • Grade-three sprains are tears that completely disrupt the ligament

  5. The Anterior Cruciate Ligament and the Posterior Cruciate Ligament • ACL- located internally in the front of the knee , prevents the knee from sliding forward • PCL- located behind the knee and forms an "X" on the inside of the knee and prevent the knee from sliding backward • Signs and Symptoms of injury: • Swelling in the knee occurs within minutes • Athlete may be in mild to severe pain • Walking is difficult • Treatment: • See your Athletic Trainer or Orthopedic Doctor • Long-term treatment may require surgery and significant physical therapy rehabilitation • Recovery usually takes average of 6 months • Full function, mobility, strength and comfort typically return at about 1 year

  6. The Medial Cruciate Ligament and the Lateral Cruciate Ligament • MCL- ligament on the inside of the knee, prevents knee from sliding side to side • LCL- ligament located on the outside of the knee, prevents knee from sliding side to side

  7. Possible Injuries: Torn LCL • Treatment: • -See your Athletic Trainer or Orthopedic Doctor • -Rest • -Wear a range of motion restricted brace • Ice • Elevate • Surgery may be required Rehabiliation -Program will be created by Physical Therapist or Athletic Trainer -Depending on level of sprain, recovery may take 2 weeks to several months -A LCL tears when stress is placed on the inside of the knee Ex. Kicked from medial (inside) of knee -The picture above shows a hit to the inside of the knee.

  8. The Meniscus -Meniscus: Functions as a cushion between bones • The cartilage of the knee can be acutely injured or can gradually tear. • Signs and Symptoms: • Pain with walking up/down inclines • “Giving away” of the knee • Swelling occurs gradually over many hours • See Athletic Trainer or Orthopedic Doctor for full evaluation

  9. Patellar (Knee Cap) Injuries • The kneecap sits within the tendon of the quadriceps muscle, in front of the femur, just above the knee joint. • It is held in place by the quadriceps muscles • - The patella typically subluxates/dislocates laterally (toward the outside of the knee). • Dislocations are returned to the normal position by straightening out the knee • See your Athletic Trainer or Orthopedic Doctor for full evaluation • Rehabilitation will be needed

  10. Bursae • Bursa- fluid-filled sac that reduces friction between muscles, tendons and bones • Inflammation of the bursas (bursitis) can occur because of direct blows, chronic use and/or abuse. Rehab -See your Athletic Trainer or Orthopedic Doctor -Avoiding aggravating movements such as kneeling -Wear knee pads -If the swelling persists, a medical professional may drain the fluid within or around the bursa. -In cases where the bursa has become infected, antibiotics may be prescribed -In more serious cases the bursa may be completely removed by surgical procedures.

  11. Credits • http://www.emedicinehealth.com/knee_injury/article_em.htm • http://holidayparkphysicalrehabilitation.patientsites.com/Injuries-Conditions/Knee/Surgery/Posterior-Cruciate-Ligament-Injuries/a~355/article.html • http://www.nlm.nih.gov?medlineplus/ency/imagepages?18003/htm

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