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PPT#2 Science Tools

PPT#2 Science Tools. Tools and Measurement. What Do You Think?. What could you study using a telescope? Or a microscope?. SCIENCE TOOLS. To become a successful scientists, we must be able to identify and use scientific instruments or tools.

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PPT#2 Science Tools

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  1. PPT#2Science Tools

  2. Tools and Measurement Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

  3. What Do You Think? What could you study using a telescope? Or a microscope? Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

  4. SCIENCE TOOLS • To become a successful scientists, we must be able to identify and use scientific instruments or tools. • These tools are for collecting data, taking measurements, and recording observations. • Scientists use a variety of tools to do investigations.

  5. 1.Computer • An electronic tool that performs tasks by processing and storing information.

  6. 2.Calculators • An electronic device for solving mathematics problems

  7. Calculators and computers are great to analyze data. 3.Pencils and 4.graph paper are great to graph your data. Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

  8. 5. Magnifying (Hand) Lens A tool that magnifies objects or makes objects look larger than they are.

  9. 6.Microscope • A tool that magnifies at a much higher power than a hand lens. • It magnifies smaller objects or makes smaller objects larger.

  10. The compound microscope is made of 4 main parts: • Objective lens • Light • Stage • Ocular Lens Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD Cite:http://www.etacuisenaire.com/Assets/Images/compound_microscope.jpg

  11. 7.Telescope • A tool used to see objects in the sky. • It magnifies or makes objects in the sky larger.

  12. 8.Meter Stick • A meter tool that is used to measure distance and the length of objects. • It tells how long an object is. • In science, we use the metric system for measuring. • Measures in METERS. (kilometer, decimeter, centimeter, millimeter, micrometer, nanometer, etc.)

  13. Meteris the basic SI unit of length. To describe the length of a large objects, kilometer is used. To describe the length of a microscopic object, nanometer is used. Click here to practice measuring using the metric system Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

  14. SI - International System of Units 1. Based on multiples of 10 2. Common metric prefixes: a. mega- (M) 1 000 000 x b. kilo- (k) 1 000 x c. hecto- (h) 100 x d. deka- (da) 10 x e. deci- (d) 0.1 x (1/10) f. centi- (c) 0.01 x (1/100) g. milli- (m) 0.001 x (1/1000) h. micro- (u) 0.000 000 001 x

  15. The metric system is called the International System of Units (SI). The advantage to using the SI system is that they help all scientists share and compare their observations. Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

  16. Another advantage to using the metric system is the system is based off the number 10. This make changing from one unit to another easier. Cite: http://www.essex1.com/people/speer/metric.html Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

  17. Areais a measure of how much surface an object has. Area is based on two measurements: Length X Width. • Cite: http://www.ex.ac.uk/cimt/mepres/book7/bk7i9/bk7_9i2.htm Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

  18. 9.Thermometer • A tool used to measure temperature. • It measures the temperature of air and most liquids. • The Greek prefix “therm” means “heat”. • Measure in Celsius or Kelvin.

  19. Temperatureis a measurement of how hot or cold something is. Temperature can be measured in Celsius or Kelvin. ( C or K) Kelvin is the basic SI unit for temperature. Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD See speaker notes for Core Lab

  20. 10.Compass • A tool for telling directions. • It is used to find Earth’s magnetic north pole. • North, South, East, West, etc.

  21. 11.Stopwatch (or clock) • A tool used to measure time. • Measures in days, hours, minutes, seconds, etc.

  22. 12.Balance • A tool used to measure the mass of an object. • A balance tells the amount of matter an object contains. • Measured in grams (kilograms, milligrams, etc.)

  23. Massis the amount of matter that something is made of. The kilogram is the basic unit for mass. Cite: http://mws.mcallen.isd.tenet.edu/mchi/ipc/ch01htm/images01/scale.jpg Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

  24. 13.Magnet A magnet attracts and repels substances. It is attracted or pulled to items with iron, nickel, or steel.

  25. 14.Collecting Net • A tool used to gather animal samples or specimens such as butterflies.

  26. 15.Safety Goggles • Eyewear that protects the eyes during a science experiment or investigation from hazardous or dangerous materials.

  27. 16.Test Tube • A test tube is smaller than a beaker. • It is open at one end and closed at the other. • It is cylindrical in shape.

  28. 17.Beaker • An open cylindrical container with a pouring lip. • It measures volume or the amount of space that something takes up. • Measures in liters, milliliters, cubic centimeters, etc.

  29. 18.Graduated Cylinder • It measures volume or the amount of space that something takes up. • Measures in liters, milliliters, cubic centimeters, etc.

  30. Volumeis the amount of space that something occupies or the amount of space that something contains. Liter is the basic unit of measurement for volume. Cite: http://www.indigo.com/glass/gphglass/glass-chemistry-beaker.jpg Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

  31. 19.Petri Dish • A container used for samples or specimens. • A tool to culture microorganisms.

  32. 20.Hot Plate • A tool used to heat objects.

  33. 21. Spring Scale • Used to measure force (gravity). • Measures in Newtons.

  34. Tools for measuring: Stopwatches, meter sticks, and balances are used to take measurements. Thermometers, spring scales and graduated cylinders are also helpful. Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

  35. LET’S REVIEW!!!!!!

  36. I. Types of Measurements 1. Length a. The distance from one point to another point. b. Base unit is the meter (m). c. Tool is the metric ruler. 2. Volume a. The amount of space a substance occupies. b. Base unit is the liter (L). c. Tools: metric ruler for regular solids or graduated cylinder for liquids.

  37. 3. Mass a. The amount of matter in a substance. b. Base unit - kilogram (kg). c. Tool is the balance. 4. Force a. A measure of gravitational force on an object. b. Unit is the newton (N). c. Tool is the spring scale.

  38. 5. Time a. How long an event takes to occur. b. Unit is the second (s). c. Tool is the clock (stopwatch). 6. Temperature a. The amount of kinetic energy a substance has. b. SI unit is the Kelvin (K) or Celsius (C). c. Tool is the thermometer.

  39. 7. Density a. How compacted the matter is in a substance. b. Units can be g/mL, g/cm3, kg/m3. c. Density is a derived unit (it is made up of other types of measurement). d. D = m / v e. Objects float if their density is less than the density of the fluid they are in.

  40. 1. What tools could you use to determine who is the fastest swimmer in your class? Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

  41. Answer Stopwatch Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

  42. 2. What is the importance of the International System of Units in science? Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

  43. Answer The International System of Units helps all scientists share and compare their observations. Also, since the metric system is based on the number 10, this make changing from one unit to another easier. Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

  44. 3. What is the area of a garden that is 12 m long and 5 m wide? Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

  45. Answer 12 m x 5 m = 60 m2 Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

  46. QUESTIONS??????????

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