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CERN : a gateway to fundamental research

Discover the world of CERN, a gateway to cutting-edge research and technological advancements, uniting global collaboration for scientific discovery. Uncover the facility's history, structure, and mission to unlock the mysteries of the universe.

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CERN : a gateway to fundamental research

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  1. CERN : a gateway to fundamental research Research & Discovery Technology Training Collaborating

  2. 2502 staff* 776 Fellows and Associates* 8855 users* Budget (2007) 982 MCHF (610M Euro) *17 July 2007 Member States: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Observers: India, Israel, Japan, the Russian Federation, the United States of America, Turkey, the European Commission and Unesco CERN in Numbers

  3. CERN: a European laboratory open to the world CERN is open to international collaboration from all over the world. Besides the possibility for any institute with adequate backgrounds to join in the experimental program of CERN through participation in any of the CERN experiments Collaboration agreements (and in many cases formal implementation protocols) have been established with countries and institutes all over the world Countries with continuing collaboration and substantial contribution to the CERN accelerator program obtain the status of ‘Observer State’ which allows formal participation to the Open CERN Council meetings In Asia: Japan, India are observer states

  4. CERN policy towards non-member states is based on enlightened self interest and mutual benefits The strengths of CERN’s relations with different countries depend on the match between CERN’s programme and the means and interests of these countries Since early 2000 the CERN council has endorsed, amongst other directives towards non-member state activities, a policy addressed to increase CERN’s collaboration with the rapidly developing countries in South and East ASIA

  5. CERN priorities with respect to new collaborations • Facilitate completion of LHC and its experiments and assuring a sustainable framework for their exploitation • Encourage cooperation on R&D in support of possible LHC upgrades and improvements of the CERN proton accelerator complex • Expand Non-member state participation in the CLIC R&D program • Lay a basis for collaboration on CERN’s future major projects

  6. CERN Today

  7. 2008

  8. ATLAS (spokesperson Peter Jenni) Number of scientists: 1800 Number of institutes: 164 Number of countries: 35

  9. ATLAS Cavern

  10. SUPERCONDUCTING COIL Total weight : 12,500 t Overall diameter : 15 m Overall length : 21.6 m Magnetic field : 4 Tesla Silicon Microstrips Pixels The CMS Detector (Spokesperson Prof. Tejinder Virdee) CALORIMETERS ECAL HCAL Scintillating PbWO4 crystals Plastic scintillator/brass sandwich IRON YOKE Number of scientists: 1961 Number of institutes: 180 Number of countries: 37 TRACKER MUON ENDCAPS MUON BARREL Drift Tube Resistive Plate Cathode Strip Chambers Chambers Resistive Plate Chambers Chambers

  11. CMS: tracker insertion

  12. Computing: Gridhttp://lcg.web.cern.ch/LCG/

  13. GRID:The EGEE project • EGEE • 1 April 2004 – 31 March 2006 • 71 partners in 27 countries, grouped into regional federations • EGEE-II • 1 April 2006 – 31 March 2008 • 91 partners in 32 countries • 13 federations • Objectives • Large-scale, production-quality grid infrastructure for e-Science • Attracting new resources and users from industry as well asscience • Maintain and further improve“gLite” Grid middleware

  14. CERN The future

  15. June Council (quote from R. Aymar – June 2007)

  16. Updated list of future accelerators Present accelerators Future accelerators Linac4 Linac2 50 MeV • (LP)SPL is the baseline injector for PS2 • PS2 will use nc magnets • PS2 size is 15/77 of SPS 160 MeV (LP)SPL PSB 1.4 GeV 4 GeV PS 26 GeV PS2 50 GeV Output energy (LP)SPL: (Low Power)Superconducting Proton Linac (4-5 GeV) PS2: High Energy PS (~ 5 to 50 GeV – 0.3 Hz) SPS+: Superconducting SPS (50 to1000 GeV) SLHC: “Superluminosity” LHC (up to 1035 cm-2s-1) DLHC: “Double energy” LHC (1 to ~14 TeV) SPS SPS+ 450 GeV 1 TeV LHC / SLHC DLHC 7 TeV ~ 14 TeV

  17. Layout of the new accelerators SPS PS2 PS (LP)SPL Linac4

  18. CERN Council Strategy Group(Lisbon July 2006)

  19. The ILC Plan and Schedule (B.Barish/CERN/SPC 050913) CLIC Global Design Effort Project LHC Physics Baseline configuration Reference Design Technical Design ILC R&D Program Expression of Interest to Host International Mgmt 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

  20. CLIC/CTF3 Multi-Lateral Collaboration of Volunteer InstitutesOrganized as a Physics Detector Collaboration 19 members represent. 24 institutes involving 16 funding agencies from 13 countries Collab. Board: Chairperson: M.Calvetti/INFN; Spokesperson: G.Geschonke/CERN MoU with addenda describing specific contribution (& resources) * India participating through a special agreement with CERN for the development of novel accelerator technologies

  21. CLIC/CTF3 collaboration observers Discussion with possible future collaboration partners: Present collaboration with RAL on Laser development for PHIN in EU FP6 CARE

  22. World-wide CLIC&CTF3 Collaboration NCP (Pakistan) PSI (Switzerland) North-West. Univ. Illinois (USA) Polytech. University of Catalonia (Spain) RAL (UK) SLAC (USA) Svedberg Laboratory (Sweden) Uppsala University (Sweden) Ankara University (Turkey) Berlin Tech. Univ. (Germany) BINP (Russia) CERN CIEMAT (Spain) DAPNIA/Saclay (France) RRCAT-Indore (India) Finnish Industry (Finland) Gazi Universities (Turkey) Helsinki Institute of Physics (Finland) IAP (Russia) Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular (Spain) INFN / LNF (Italy) J. Addams Institute (UK) JASRI (Japan) Jefferson Lab (USA) JINR (Russia) KEK (Japan) LAL/Orsay (France) LAPP/ESIA (France) LLBL/LBL (USA)

  23. Observer states: Japan: contributed 136MCHF to CERN accelerator program and R&D India: contributed 30 MCHF to CERN accelerators program and 3 MCHF on CLIC and LINAC4/SPl R&D Both India and Japan have strong collaborations with CERN experiments India and Japan have strong involvement in the LHC computing grid Asian collaborations

  24. China: 1991 CAS 1997 NSFC 2004 Government of PRC. Participate in LHC experimental program, some contribution to SPL/Linac4, joining CLIC R&D, LHC grid computing Iran 2001 Ministry of science, participates in LHC experimental program and CLIC R&D Korea 2006 M.O.S.T, 2007 Protocol. Participates in LHC experimental program Pakistan 2004 Government of IRP 2003 protocol pledged 5 M$ 2007 protocol addendum additional 5 MCHF Involved in LHC experimental program, CLIC, SPL. Candidate to become observer state Saudi Arabia 2006 Government of Kingdom: students involved in CERN programs and CLIC U.A.E. 2006 Government UAE : mainly students involved in CERN experimental program Vietnam: 2007 CA signed by CERN and waiting signature Acad. Of Science Asian collaboration agreements

  25. Mongolia, Malaysia, Thailand, Singapore,Sri-Lanka have established contacts through visits at CERN of government officials, but have not yet come to any formal collaboration agreement Contacts

  26. CERN as an Educator Accelerator School Apprentices Doctoral Students Academic Training Fellows Physics School Exhibitions Computing School CERN-Latin America School Visits Technical Students Summer Students Microcosm Outreach Science on Stage Language Training Technical Training Communications Training Teachers programmes Conferences Management Training

  27. Successful Educational programs Summer Summer student program: program for undergraduate students (strong selection:1/10 of applicants are selected ) to spend 8-12 weeks of formation at CERN during summer time High School teacher program: CERN hosts every summer a program of formation for High school teachers 'We expect that students/teachers from developed countries will be able to secure travel and local expenses from their own national sources. We may have some very limited funds available to pay the local expenses for students/teachers from other countries. Fellow and associate program: some countries provide support for having PHDs spend between 1 and two years working on the CERN accelerator or Experimental program

  28. Bringing Nations Together “…the promotion of contacts between, and the interchange of, scientists…”

  29. CERN… • Seeking answers to questions about the Universe • Advancing the frontiers of technology • Training the scientists of tomorrow • Bringing nations together through science: mutual interests in technology development and research being the fundamental ingredient of collaboration

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