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THURSDAY DO NOW

THURSDAY DO NOW. What is electricity? Why is it important for you to learn about electricity?. Today ’ s PLAN 1.1 Describe properties of electric and magnetic (electromagnetic) forces as being attractive or repulsive.

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THURSDAY DO NOW

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  1. THURSDAY DO NOW • What is electricity? • Why is it important for you to learn about electricity?

  2. Today’s PLAN • 1.1 Describe properties of electric and magnetic (electromagnetic) forces as being attractive or repulsive. • 1.2 Explain how electric and magnetic force size depends on magnitudes of the charges, currents, or magnetic strengths involved and on the distance between the objects. • 1.3 Differentiate between charges, current, electrical field, and magnetic field. • Todays DO • We will complete the Magnetism Explore Activity. (4th period only) • We will complete guided notes over Electricity. • We will get graded papers/quizzes back and talk about our grades and how to make up work.

  3. FRIDAY DO NOW • Begin completing your Analyzing Data Mid-Year Learning Check. (You will have about 10-15 minutes to finish this quiz.) • Do not write on the quiz. Answer the questions on your scantron. • Do your own work. • Do your best. • When finished, turn over your scantron and make a list of the questions you felt confident about and the ones you were unsure about. For those you are unsure about, tell what specifically confused you.

  4. Today’s PLAN • 1.1 Describe properties of electric and magnetic (electromagnetic) forces as being attractive or repulsive. • 1.2 Explain how electric and magnetic force size depends on magnitudes of the charges, currents, or magnetic strengths involved and on the distance between the objects. • 1.3 Differentiate between charges, current, electrical field, and magnetic field. • Todays DO • We will complete our Analyzing Data Mid-Year Learning Check • We will complete guided notes over Electricity and Circuits. • We will complete a foldable about Electric circuits to use next week during a lab.

  5. Electricity

  6. Thinking back… • All matter is made up of ______________. • The two types of sub-atomic particles that have a charge are _______________ and ______________. • Protons - _____ charge • Electrons - _____ charge atoms protons protons electrons + electrons -

  7. Electricity comes from the movement or placement of these charged particles.

  8. Think about a magnet… • What happens when you try to touch the two north ends together? • They repel each other • What happens when you try to touch the two south ends together? • They repel each other • What happens when you try to touch the north and south ends together? • They attract each other

  9. The same applies to ELECTRIC CHARGES • Charges that are the same, repel each other. • Charges that are different, attract each other. Two Protons Two Electrons Proton & Electron

  10. What’s going to happen? + + - - + -

  11. The charges of protons and electrons cause the object they make up to be positively or negatively charged. + + - - - + + - - + - - + + + - + + + + - - + - + + + - - + - +

  12. Most objects normally have no overall charge. • This is because each atom has an equal number of protons and electrons.

  13. However, an object can become charged by gaining or losing electrons. • When an object loses electrons, it will have a _____________ charge. • When an object gains electrons, it will have a _____________ charge. - + + - - - positive + + - + - + - + negative - + - -

  14. That’s Static Electricity! • The build-up of electric charges • Static means “not moving” or “not changing” • In static electricity, charges build up on an object, but they do not flow continuously.

  15. Mini-Lab • Number your group members 1-4. • Student 1: Blow up and tie off a balloon. Then tie a string around the balloon’s knot. • Student 2: Blow up another balloon and tie it off. • Student 3: Hold the end of the string allowing the balloon to dangle. • Student 4: Rub the balloon without the string on your hair. (This gives the balloon a negative charge – electrons move from your hair to the balloon) • Student 1: Rub the balloon with the string on your hair. • Student 4: Slowly move your balloon toward the hanging balloon. What happens? • Student 2: Rub the hanging balloon with a dryer sheet. What does this do to the balloon’s charge? • Student 1: Rub the balloon with the string on your hair. • Student 4: Slowly move your balloon toward the hanging balloon. What happens?

  16. How can an object become charged? • Three ways to move electrons from one object to another: • Friction - rubbing • Conduction - touch • Induction – movement of electrons within an object

  17. Static Discharge Often, a static discharge produces a spark. • When a negatively charged object and a positively charged object are brought together, electrons transfer until both objects have the same charge. • Static discharge is the loss of static electricity as electric charges transfer from one object to another.

  18. Lightning is another example of static discharge.

  19. Conductors • Conductors allow electricity to pass through them easily. • Example: metals (such as those inside of wires- copper)

  20. Insulators • Insulators do not allow electricity to pass through easily. • Example: plastic, rubber (such as that on the outside of a wire)

  21. Circuits • A circuit is a pathway along which an electric current can travel to a device. • There are two different types of circuits: • Series • Parallel

  22. Series Circuit • A series circuit has only ONE pathway for electricity to flow. • All devices are located along this single pathway. • Any break in the circuit (such as a open switch) will stop the flow of electricity and the device(s) will no longer work. • Example: old type of Christmas tree lights.

  23. Series Circuit Light bulb symbol Battery symbol Switch symbol

  24. Parallel Circuit • A parallel circuit has MULTIPLE paths along which electricity can travel. • If one pathway is broken, the others can still carry electricity. • Example: household circuits, newer Christmas tree lights

  25. Parallel Circuit

  26. Series and Parallel Circuits

  27. Electromagnets • An electromagnet is a temporary magnet made by passing an electric current through a wire coiled around a metal core (such as an iron nail). • Electromagnets have two advantages over normal magnets: • They can be turned on and off. • Their strength can be changed based upon the amount of current flowing through it.

  28. Electromagnets • The amount of current flowing through an electromagnet can be changed by: • Changing the number of batteries used (more batteries = stronger electromagnet) • Changing the number of wire coils (more coils = stronger electromagnet)

  29. Electromagnets

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