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Country Report EGYPT

Country Report EGYPT. Training Course on Biogas Technology, Rural Energy and Environmental Protection for Developing Countries in 2016. Sponsored by Ministry of Commerce of the People’s Republic of China Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture May 5 th -June 15 th ,2016. Contents.

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Country Report EGYPT

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  1. Country Report EGYPT

  2. Training Course on Biogas Technology, Rural Energy and Environmental Protection for Developing Countries in 2016 Sponsored by • Ministry of Commerce of the People’s Republic of China • Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture • May 5th-June 15th,2016

  3. Contents 1. General Introduction about Egypt 2. Natural and Economic Resources 3. Agricultural sector 4. Industrial sector 5-Tourism sector 6. Energy Resources 7- Higher education

  4. 1. General Introduction about Egypt • Name: Arab Republic of Egypt. Commonly known as Egypt and the Capital is Cairo. • Geographic Location: Egypt is located in the middle of the world

  5. Official language: Arabic • Area: Total: 1.001.450 sq km Land: 995.450 sq km Water: 6.000 sq km Coastline: 2.450 km Population: over 90 million inhabitants

  6. Map and National Flag

  7. Climate: Egypt has an unusually hot, sunny and dry climate; there is almost no rainfall on a regular basis. • The high temperatures over 40 °C and sometimes over 50 °C in summer, while in winter the temperatures around 15 °C.

  8. 2. Natural and Economic Resources • Nile River, Nile Valley and Delta are the most important natural resources in Egypt. • Egypt's natural resources include petroleum, natural gas, phosphates, and iron ore.

  9. 3. Agricultural sector • Cotton has long been a primary exported cash crop, but it is no longer vital as an export.

  10. Citrus, dates, and grapes are the main fruits by acreage.

  11. Irrigation plays a major role in a country the very livelihood of which depends upon a single river, the Nile. • Most ambitious of all the irrigation projects is that of the Aswan High Dam, completed in 1971.

  12. High Dam

  13. The re-use of agricultural drainage water: Agricultural drainage water has become one of the water, which turned her research and studies to maximize the use of resources,

  14. 4. Industrial sector • Egypt is one of few African economies with diverse industry sectors and minimal dependency on agricultural production. • The Egyptian industry sectors were developed and diversified during early ancient times.

  15. Trade through the Suez Canal was another source of revenue for the Egyptian government. • Providing the main access point to water transportation between Europe and Asia. • Egypt’s economy used to depend heavily on trade through the Suez Canal. 

  16. Some Egyptian industry sectors • Automobile: Egypt has a well-developed automobile industry. • El Nasr Automotive Manufacturing Company is central to the industry. • Other private players also compete for market share in Egypt's automobile industry.

  17. Consumer electronics:Egypt is one of the few African economies that have a domestic appliances manufacturing sector. • Olympia Group is the leading manufacturer of domestic goods in the country. • Bahgat Group is another major brand in the Egyptian market.

  18. Steel: Egypt has the largest steel industry in Africa and the Middle East. • EZDK is the biggest producer of steel in the region.

  19. Construction sector:The construction sector in Egypt boomed during the late 1990s and continued to support the economy till the mid 2000s. • Orascom Construction Industries is the largest construction contractor in Egypt.

  20. 5-Tourism sector • Tourism is one of the most important parts of Egypt's economy. • Approximately 14.7 million visitors Egypt, and providing revenues of nearly $12.5 billion. • The civilization of Ancient Egypt left many monuments and temples that have become attractions for modern-day visitors to Egypt.

  21. The Egyptian Museum

  22. Saint Catherine's MonasteryonMount Sinai

  23. The Luxor Temple inLuxor

  24. Al-Azhar Mosque, built in the Fatimid era inCairo

  25. Archangel Michael's Coptic Orthodox Church in Coptic Style inAswan

  26. Dahab,Sinaiis one of the popular beach and diving resorts in Egypt

  27. 6. Energy Resources Egypt is one of the oldest energy producers in the Middle East, with a history of commercial oil production dating back more than a century. • Electricity Egypt plans to expand electricity capacity to 32,000 megawatts (MW) over the next five years.

  28. Crude Oil Egypt is an important non-OPEC energy producer. It has the sixth largest proved oil reserves in Africa. Large oil fields were discovered in the Sinai Peninsula, the Gulf of Suez, the Western Desert, and the Eastern Desert. http://www.tradingeconomics.com/egypt/crude-oil-production

  29. http://www.tradingeconomics.com/egypt/crude-oil-production

  30. Natural Gas Major discoveries in the 1990s have given natural gas increasing importance as an energy source. Natural gas is exported by the Arab Gas Pipeline to the Middle East and in the future potentially to Europe Natural gas is exported also as the liquefied natural gas (LNG).

  31. Renewable Energy The current energy strategy in Egypt is to increase renewable energy generation up to 20% of the total mix by 2020. • Solar Egypt has a high solar availability. The total capacity of installed photovoltaic systems is about 4.5 MWp.

  32. Wind In 2009, 430 MW of wind power were installed Because the potential for hydroelectricity is largely utilized. The Supreme Council of Energy’s goal of increasing renewable energy to 20% by 2020

  33. 7. Biomass and biogas in Egypt • In Egypt the total biomass resources potential reaches 40 million Ton / year.  • The biomass resources contribute more than 3.6 MTOE / year (primary energy). MTOE: million of tonnes of oil equivalent

  34. Alternative Fuel from bio-mass in Egypt

  35. Solid fuel produced from rice straw

  36. Thermal Gas • At present there are two thermal gas plants exist in two of the delta governorates. • Each plant has capacity reaches 350 m3 per working shift to face the consumption of 300 household units.

  37. Thermal gas Production processes (gasification) • Compressed Rice Straw storage (15000 tons) • Straw chop unit • Burning straw unit up to 1200 ° C • Console control unit of the resulting gases. • Wet filter Scrubber • Gas storage tank.

  38. The chemical properties' of the produced gas • Nitrogen 41 % • Carbon monoxide 27 % • Methane 13 % • Hydro carbonate 4 % • Other gases 15 %

  39. Bio Gas • 800 small biogas digesters installed in Egypt, less than 50% of them are in operation. • Approximately 80 new plants are constructed every year. • The total potential for small biogas plants in Egypt is estimated as more than 1 million units.

  40. Rural families install most of the small biogas plants. • Plant residues are considered the most important traditional fuel in the Egyptian rural area.  • Only few larger plants have been constructed. One of them was a 170-m3 digester in EL-Giza Army Camp. (1980). • At present there are no activities in Egypt on large-scale biogas plants.

  41. 7- Higher education • In Egypt there are 26 Universities, included more than 300 faculties.

  42. References https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypthttp://www.who.int/ar/http://www.tradingeconomics.com/egypt/crude-oil-productionhttp://www.petroleum.gov.eg/en/Pages/Default.aspxSAMIR EL-SHIMI and SALAH ARAFA (1989) BIOGAS TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER TO RURAL COMMUNITIES IN EGYPT, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/242634909www.iea.org/stats/countryresults.asp?COUNTRY_CODE=EG&Submit=SubmitJCEE Egyptian German Joint Committee, Implementing Renewable Energy Technologies in Egypt 2002, Webpage:www.jcee-eg.net/libDetails.asp?catid=&newsid=&eventid=&page=2&typeID=2

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