U.S & Ohio Governments

1. U.S & Ohio Governments From History to Present

2. Social Studies 3rd Grade By: Robin Ribbans

3. Table of Contents • Introduction • Essential Question • Background Information • Assessment: Learning Contract • Student Activities • Teacher Support Materials

4. Introduction U.S Independence & Ohio’s Statehood

5. Introduction • In this lesson you will learn why the American colonies separated from British rule to become the United States • You will also learn how and when Ohio became a state from the Northwest Territories • And you will learn about the similarities and differences between state and federal levels of government

6. Essential Question The Essentials We Hope to Discover

7. How Do Society’s Beliefs and Values Effect the Structure of Society’s Government?

8. Background

9. Why the Colonies Separated • The colonists’ did not feel they had a fair representation in the British Parliament (Britain’s government system) regarding laws and taxation in the new colonies. Colonists’ felt this was violating their rights as Englishmen. • Colonists’ also didn’t feel it was fair for them to pay off Britain’s war debt in the French and Indian War.

10. Why the Colonies Separated con’t.. • American Colonists had grown use to a large amount of self-government and when the U.S declared Independence in 1776, the government system was changed to federalism (power is shared between the national and state levels) instead of a centralized government (the national level maintains all power)

11. How and When Ohio became a State from the Northwest Territory • The Northwest Territory Ordinance of 1787 created 5 new states in the Northwest region of the Ohio Valley. • The new Ordinance declared state line boundaries and areas had to have 60,000 inhabitants living within state line boundaries to be declared a state

12. How and When Ohio became a State from the Northwest Territory • The 5 new states that became of the Northwest Territory Ordinance are: Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, and Wisconsin. • Ohio became the 17th state to join the United States on February 19, 1803.

13. Similarities & Differences between Federal and State levels of Government • National / Federal Level: • Print Money • Can declare war • Establish an Army and Navy • Establish Post Offices & Issue postage • Make laws necessary to enforce the U.S Constitution

14. Similarities & Differences between Federal and State levels of Government • State Level: • Establish local governments • Issue licenses (driver, hunting, marriage, etc) • Conduct Elections • Provide public health & safety • Ratify amendments to U.S Constitution • Creation of State Constitution: setting drinking, smoking, marriage age, etc. **All State Governments must comply with the U.S constitution

15. Similarities & Differences between Federal and State levels of Government • Similarities / Shared Powers: • Setting up court systems • Creating & collecting taxes • Borrowing money • Making & enforcing laws • Spending money for the improvement of the general welfare

16. Assessment • Activities for Your Portfolio

17. Learning Contract • Students must complete 40 points • Students will complete an essay that answers the essential question. Also included in this essay will be the student’s opinions on the type of government the U.S has in place, Vs. what it would be like with a government similar to France or Great Britain.

18. Learning Contract • Also in the essay students will discuss which government system they would prefer to live in and why. • The essay will also address which branch of local government the student likes the best and why. • The essay is worth 20 points

19. Learning Contract • Students may pick the remainder of the projects they choose to make up the remainder 20 points • Know and Understand Activities = 2 points • Apply and Analyze = 4 points • Create and Evaluate = 6 points

23. Teacher Support Materials • http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/ • http://ohio.gov/ -Select Government in the upper left side • http://www.ohiokids.org/ • http://www.earlyamerica.com/earlyamerica/maps/northwest/ • http://www.socialstudiesforkids.com/articles/ushistory/causesrevwar.htm

24. Teacher Support Materials • http://bensguide.gpo.gov/9-12/government/federalism.html • http://www.earlyamerica.com/series.html • Field-Trips to the Ohio Historical Society

25. Content Standards • Social Studies: • History: Students use materials drawn from the diversity of human experiences to analyze and interpret significant events, patterns and themes in the history of Ohio, the United States and the world. • A: Construct timelines to demonstrate an understanding of units of time and chronological order • Indicators: • 1-1: Define and measure time by years, decades, centuries • 1-2: Place local historical events in sequential order on a timeline • Geography: Students use knowledge of geographic locations, patterns and processes to shoe the interrelationship between the physical environment and human activity, and to explain the interactions that occur in an increasingly interdependent world. • A: Use map elements or coordinates to locate physical and human features of North America • Indicators: • 3-3: Read and interpret maps by using map title, map key, direction indicator, and symbols to answer questions about the local community

26. Content Standards • Government: Students use knowledge of the purposes, structures, and processes of political systems at the local, state, national, and international levels to understand that people create systems of government as structures of power and authority to provide order, maintain stability, and promote the general welfare. • A: Identify the responsibilities of the branches of the U.S government and explain why they are necessary. • Indicators: • 5-1b: Explain major functions of local government including-making laws • 5-1d: Providing public services • 5-2: Explain structure of local governments and identify local leaders )e.g., township trustee, county commissioners, city council members or mayor) • 5-3: Identify location of local government buildings and explain functions of government that are carried out there. • 5-5: Define power and authority

27. Essay Rubric