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B. Most Powerful Solenoid Magnet. 18kA, 3.8T solenoid 3m radius, 15m length 2.5 GJ stored energy Can be discharged in a controlled fast dump in several minutes Tested successfully in 2006 and 2008 Effect of significant in-situ fringe fields necessitated additional securing of objects.
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B Most Powerful Solenoid Magnet • 18kA, 3.8T solenoid • 3m radius, 15m length • 2.5 GJ stored energy • Can be discharged in a controlled fast dump in several minutes • Tested successfully in 2006 and 2008 • Effect of significant in-situ fringe fields necessitated additional securing of objects D.Acosta
CMS Completed!August 25, 2008 – 16 years after its Letter of Intent Ready for the LHC Some issues here D.Acosta 2
B Huge Toroidal Magnet System D.Acosta
Sept.10, 2008 D.Acosta
Large Hadron Collider, near Geneva, Switzerland Geneva CMS CERN D.Acosta
A Proton Collider (“Atom smasher”) D.Acosta
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) • 7 TeV on 7 TeV proton-proton collider, 27km ring • 7 times higher energy than the Tevatron at Fermilab • Aim for 5 TeV for 2008 • 100 times higher design luminosity than Tevatron (L=1034cm-2s-1) • 1232 superconducting 8.4T dipole magnets @ T=1.9ºK • Largest cryogenic structure, 40 ktons of mass to cool • 4 experiments • ATLAS, CMS • ALICE, LHCb • Start Date:Sept. 10,2008 D.Acosta
B r v Uniform Circular motion Actually about 4.5km with straight sections included D.Acosta
LHC Tunnel and Dipole Magnets • 15 m long magnets with unique single structure for 2 beams • Cooled with superfluid helium D.Acosta
The Real Tunnel D.Acosta
The Excitement of First LHC beams! D.Acosta
Beam Splash Event D.Acosta
Unfortunately… • An major malfunction on Sept.19, 2008 means that we’ll be restarting once again in Sept. 2009 Electrical arc vaporized beam pipe, released tons of helium, leading to chain reaction of forces… D.Acosta
Some Misconceptions about the LHC Geneva tabloid
Doomsday scenarios… • The LHC will create mini-black holes that will destroy the Earth • If more dimensions exist to allow their production, Hawking radiation will cause them to decay immediately • Collisions at energies above the LHC have occurred in our atmosphere over eons, so any BHs that are stable have been benign • See also: J. Ellis et al., “Review of the safety of LHC collisions”,J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys. 35 (2008) 115004 D.Acosta
This is a work of fiction D.Acosta
http://cern.ch • But the CERN laboratory has been very supportive of the upcoming movie (and offering clarifications…) D.Acosta