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Chapter 9

Chapter 9. Intelligence and Psychological Testing. Intelligence Tests. Binet-Simon Scale (1905) – Alfred Binet Stanford-Binet Intelligence Test (1916) – Alfred Binet & Lewis Terman Wechsler Scales (1939) – David Wechsler WPPSI-R (Wechsler Preschool & Primary Scale of Intelligence, Revised)

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Chapter 9

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  1. Chapter 9 Intelligence and Psychological Testing

  2. Intelligence Tests • Binet-Simon Scale (1905) – Alfred Binet • Stanford-Binet Intelligence Test (1916) – Alfred Binet & Lewis Terman • Wechsler Scales (1939) – David Wechsler • WPPSI-R (Wechsler Preschool & Primary Scale of Intelligence, Revised) • WISC-R (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Revised) • WAIS-R (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, Revised)

  3. Calculation of IQ IQ = MA ÷ CA x 100 • MA = mental age • CA = chronological age

  4. Intelligence Quotient (IQ) • 100 = average • 70 or less = mentally retarded • Subaverage IQ • Deficiencies in adaptive skills • Originating before age 18 • 130 or above = gifted

  5. Nature vs. Nurture • Heritability index for IQ is 50 – 70% • IQ is fairly stable across the lifespan.

  6. Charles Spearman’s g factor Howard Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligence (8 components) Robert Sternberg’s triarchic theory of intelligence General vs. Specific Intelligence

  7. Gardner’s 8 IntelligencesSLIM ‘N’ BIL • Spatial • Logical-mathematical • Interpersonal • Musical • Naturalist • Bodily-kinesthetic • Intrapersonal • Linguistic

  8. Sternberg’s Triarchic Theory of Intelligence Analytical Creative Practical

  9. Emotional Intelligence • The ability to perceive & express emotions, understand & deal with emotions • Goleman’s book: Emotional Intelligence (1995)

  10. Psychological Tests • Intelligence tests – measure general mental ability (Wechsler, Stanford-Binet) • Aptitude tests – predict performance on specific types of mental abilities (ASVAB in military, SAT) • Achievement tests – measure mastery of subject (SAT, GRE)

  11. Psychological Testing • Standardization – given to large groups to establish norms • Norms – standards of performance • Reliability – consistency of measurement • Validity – measures what it’s supposed to measure

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