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ANTHRACOID BACILLUS

ANTHRACOID BACILLUS. Some bacilli other than B.anthracis may occasionally cause human infections B.cereus – Septicemia, endocarditis, pneumonia, meningitis, wound infections and other suppurative lesions B.subtilis, B.licheniformis have also been isolated PSEUDOANTHRAX. ANTHRAX BACILLUS.

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ANTHRACOID BACILLUS

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  1. ANTHRACOID BACILLUS

  2. Some bacilli other than B.anthracis may occasionally cause human infections • B.cereus – Septicemia, endocarditis, pneumonia, meningitis, wound infections and other suppurative lesions • B.subtilis, B.licheniformis have also been isolated • PSEUDOANTHRAX

  3. ANTHRAX BACILLUS ANTHRACOID BACILLUS Motile Non capsulated Grow in short chains Not present Grows usually Usually well marked Rapid liquefaction • Non-motile • Capsulated • Grow in long chains • Medusa head colonies • No growth in penicillin agar • Haemolysis is absent • Slow liquefaction

  4. Turbidity usual • Usually positive • Grows usually • Not inhibited • Not susceptible • Not pathogenic • No turbidity in broth • Salicin fermentation negative • No growth at 45oC • Growth inhibited by chloral hydrate • Susceptible to gamma phage • Pathogenic to lab animals

  5. B.thuringiensis • B.subtilis • B.coagulans • B.steatothermophilus • B.licheniformis

  6. BACILLUS CEREUS

  7. About…. • Large gram positive bacilli • Widely distributed in nature • Generally motile • Non capsulated • Large grey irregular anthracoid colonies • Haemolytic

  8. M’Fadyean’s reaction negative • Ferments glucose but not mannitol • Not susceptible to gamma phage • Anthrax flouroscent antibody conjugate • Animal pathogenicity test

  9. Food poisoning is a common, usually mild, but sometimes deadly illness. PATHOGENESIS source : contaminated food route : ingestion

  10. DIARRHOEAL SYNDROME INGESTION EMETIC SYNDROME

  11. EMETIC TOXIN HBL • DIARRHOEAL TOXIN Nhe Cyt k

  12. B.cereus spores and vegetative cells Rice pulses Various foods Spores survive cooking Spore survives cooking Enterotoxin in food not destroyed by heating Organism ingested Heat labile enterotoxin Enterotoxin ingested VOMITING DIARRHOEA

  13. Lab diagnosis • Specimens : stool sample vomitus food sample MYPA medium for isolation from feces

  14. TREATMENT • Short lived and self limiting • Antibiotic not indicated • Gentamycin, vancomycin, ciprofloxocin-bacteremia in immunosuppressed patient

  15. Preventive measures

  16. FOOD POISONING WHAT??? WHEN??? HOW???

  17. Single source outbreak are becoming larger with modern food processing and distribution IMPROPER COOKING CAUSES TEMP NOT SUFFICIENT TO KILL THE SPORES IMPROPER STORAGE TEMPERATURES

  18. INFECTIOUS AGENTS FOOD POISONING TOXIC AGENTS

  19. SYMPTOMS -nausea -vomiting -diarrhoea -fever, chills, -bloody stools, dehydration, nervous system damage

  20. LAB DIAGNOSIS

  21. TREATMENT GENERALLY NOT REQUIRED REQUIRED WHEN????

  22. PROPHYLAXIS

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