Lab Work 3 SDV1- Physiology II Bleeding time, clotting time and BP

1. Lab Work 3SDV1- Physiology IIBleeding time, clotting time and BP Dr Than Kyaw 26 March 2012

2. Lab 3. (a and b) Bleeding time and clotting time • Bleeding time Aim: To determine the bleeding time“ Principle • Injury to blood vessels – bleeding • Normally bleed is stopped by endogenous homeostasis mechanism • Main involvements – vasoconstriction, temporary platelet plug formation. • followed by permanent (true) plug formation. It is a complex process • involving various clotting factors. • Clot formation • The test – mainly used before surgery or before biopsy procedure

3. Requirements: lenser, spirit swab, filter paper, stop watch/or wrist watch Procedure • sterilize the ear lobe at with spirit. • punch using a needle or a lancer (sterile needle) • let blood flow without squeezing • Start noting the time • Mob the oozing blood at different points on the edge of a filter paper at 30 second intervals until the blood stops oozing. • Note the time at which the bleeding stop ( can also calculate by multiplying the number of blood spots with 30 seconds and converting them into minutes) • Caution: Do not press the filter paper on the bleeding spot. The skin should be sterile and dry before pricking.

5. (b) Clotting time Aim: To determine the clotting time Principle • The principle is the same as • in bleeding time. • The difference is that bleeding time assesses the primary hemostasis(platelet plug formation) and the clotting time assesses the secondary clot formation (true clot formation)

6. Requirements: Glass capillar tubes, lenser, spirit swab, filter paper, stop watch/or wrist watch Procedure • Sterilize the finger tip with spirit and allow it to dry. • Punch the finger tip with a lancer (or a sterile needle) • Let blood flow without squeezing • Start noting the time • Introduce 2 capillaries together into the blood drop collected on the finger tip. • Blood enters the capillary tubes by capillary suction. • Make sure the capillary tubes are well filed up. • Break the tube at 30 second intervals until fibrin thread is formed • The time from pricking to fibrin thread formation is clotting time. Precautions • similar to bleeding time.

7. Normal values Bleeding time - 2 to 6 minutes Clotting time - 2 to 8 minutes • Prolonged bleeding time in : • Thrombocytopenia • Bone marrow aplisia • defective platelet aggregation • Prolonged clotting time in : • Liver diseases (production of clotting factors) • Anticoagulant therapy • Vit K deficienc

8. Format of the report DVT 1073 FisiologiHaiwan II Lab work no. ____ Name: ____________ No. Matrik: ______________ Date: ________ • Title of the laboratory work. • Aim • Requirements • Procedures • Observation and findings • Discussion/Comments/conclusion

9. The End