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Reflexive verbs

Reflexive verbs. Reflexive verbs are used to tell that a person does something to or for him- or herself. Let’s start out by thinking of the English verb wash . List several things that you can wash. Some examples. I wash my clothes, I wash the dishes, I wash the car, I wash the windows.

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Reflexive verbs

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  1. Reflexive verbs • Reflexive verbs are used to tell that a person does something to or for him- or herself. • Let’s start out by thinking of the English verb wash. List several things that you can wash.

  2. Some examples • I wash my clothes, I wash the dishes, I wash the car, I wash the windows. • I wash my hands, I wash my hair, I wash my face.

  3. What’s the difference? • I can wash things that are not part of me, that is, not attached to my body. • In Italian, we say, “Lavo la bancheria, lavo i piatti, lavo la macchina, lavo la finestra.”

  4. … and… • I also wash things that are attached to my body – hands, face, hair (unless you wear a toupee!). • In Italian, we say, “Mi lavo le mani, mi lavo i capelli, mi lavo la faccia.”

  5. And your point is…? • Lavo la bancheria, lavo i piatti, lavo la macchina, lavo la finestra. • Mi lavo le mani, mi lavo i capelli, mi lavo la faccia. • If you are washing something that is attached, you need to add the word “mi.”

  6. Huh? • There are two ways to talk about washing in Italian: • Lavare: to wash something else • Lavarsi: to wash part of one’s body.

  7. Placement of Indirect Object Pronouns Indirect Object Pronouns, mi, ti, si, ci, vi, and si are placed before a conjugated verb or in some cases they are attached to the end of an infinitive.

  8. Reflexive Verbs Reflexive verbs have two parts: a reflexive pronoun (mi, ti, si, ci, vi, si) a verb form

  9. mi (to or for myself) ti (to or for yourself) si (to or for himself, herself, it) ci (to or for ourselves) vi (to or for you all) si (to or for themselves, you all, or each other) Reflexive Pronouns

  10. Lavarsi • Here are the forms: • mi lavo • ti lavi • si lava • ci laviamo • vi lavate • si lavano • The “mi, ti, si, ci, vi” forms are called reflexive pronouns.

  11. How do you get those forms? • The infinitive has a –si attached to it to show that the subject is doing something to him/herself. • Drop the –si. • Change the verb as usual. • Put the appropriate reflexive pronoun in front of the verb.

  12. Let’s try one. • chiamarsi: to call oneself • io______ • tu______ • Lui/ lei ______ • noi ______ • voi • loro ______

  13. Chiamarsi • Chiamarsi • Chiamar -si • Io mi chiamo • Tu ti chiami • Lui /lei si chiama • Noi ci chiamiamo • Voi vi chiamate • Loro si chiamano • Does this look familiar?

  14. What’s going on here? • Io mi chiamo • Tu ti chiami • Lui /lei si chiama • Noi ci chiamiamo • Voi vi chiamate • Loro si chiamano • The verb endings are the usual ones.

  15. Brillante! • Io mi chiamo • Tu ti chiami • Lui /lei si chiama • Noi ci chiamiamo • Voi vi chiamate • Loro si chiamano • The only difference is that we have to add the reflexive pronoun (before the verb).

  16. Okay, how about some more reflexive verbs? • alzarsi: to rise/get up • Sedersi: to sit down • addormentarsi: to fall asleep • vestirsi: to dress onself

  17. alzarsi • Io mi alzo • Tu ti alzi • Lui/ lei si alza • Noi ci alziamo • Voi vi alzate • Loro si alzano • This verb has regular endings.

  18. Sentirsi (to feel) • Io mi sento • Tu ti senti • Lui/ lei si sente • Noi ci sentiamo • Voi vi sentite • Loro si sentono

  19. addormentarsi • Io mi addormento • Tu ti addormenti • Lui/ lei si addormenta • Noi ci addormentiamo • Voi vi addormentate • Loro si addormentano

  20. Vestirsi • Io mi vesto • Tu ti vesti • Lui/ lei si veste • Noi ci vestiamo • Voi vi vestite • Loro si vestono

  21. Altri verbi riflessivi Lavarsi i denti radersi Spazzolarsi capelli truccarsi

  22. More reflexives… • ammalarsi- to fall ill riposarsi- to rest • coricarsi- to lay down scusarsi- to apologize • dimenticarsi- to forget sentirsi- to feel • incontrarsi- to meet svegliarsi- to awake • lamentarsi- to complain vestirsi- to dress onself • lavarsi- to wash oneself • ricordarsi- to remember

  23. COMMON ITALIAN REFLEXIVE VERBS • accorgersi(di)to notice • Addormentarsii to fall asleep • Alzarsi to get up • arrabbiarsi to get angry • Chiamarsi to be named • Coprirsi to cover oneself • Divertirsi to have fun, to enjoy oneself • Farsiil bagno to bathe oneself • Farsila doccia to take a shower • Farsimaleto get hurt, hurt oneself • Innamorarsi(di)to fall in love with • Lavarsi to wash oneself

  24. COMMON ITALIAN REFLEXIVE VERBS • Laurearsi to graduate • Mettersi to put (clothing) on • Pettinarsi to comb one's hair • Radersi to shave • Sedersi to sit down • Sentirsi to feel • Spogliarsi to undress • Sposarsi(con)to get married • Svegliarsi to wake up • Vestirsi to get dressed

  25. A morning routine • Tutti i giorni, io ______ (alzarsi) a le 7:00. e vado al bagno, _______ (lavarsi) la faccia, e _______ (radersi). Poi ______ (vestirsi) e ______ (mangiare) un po di colazione. Per finire, _______ (lavarsi) i denti. • Hint: not all the verbs in this paragraph are reflexive!

  26. A morning routine • Tutti i giorni, io mi alzo a le 7:00. e vado al bagno, mi lavo la faccia, e mi rado. Poi mi vesto e mangio un po di colazione. Per finire, mi lavo i denti.

  27. What about gerunds? • Remember that progressives are also two-part verb combinations: • Sto mangiando • Stiamo scrivendo • Refelxive pronouns go before the verb: • Sto lavandomi la pele • Ci stiamo lavando la pele

  28. What about past tense? • In past tense we use essere with ALL reflexive verbs. • Don’t forget we need a helping verb (essere), a past participle, and agreement! • Esempio: Mi sono lavato/a ci siamo lavati/e Ti sei lavato/a vi siete lavati/e Si è lavato/a si sono lavati/e

  29. Whew! That’s a lot to remember! • True! But keep in mind that the verb changes as it always does. You just have to remember to use the reflexive pronoun if you see an infinitive that ends in –si.

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