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Explore the key events and U.S. involvement in the Middle East, including the Iran Hostage Crisis, during the presidencies of Gerald Ford and Jimmy Carter.
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Today’s Objective We will identify the key events that occurred in the U.S. during the presidency’s of Gerald Ford and Jimmy Carter. Sub-Objective We will describe U.S. involvement in the Middle East such as support the Iran Hostage Crisis.
The Ford and Carter Years SEs: 2B, 10C, 10D, 19D By Brad Harris, Grand Prairie HS
State Standards 10C (s)Compare the impact of energy on the American way of life over time. 10D (s) Describe U.S. involvement in the Middle East such as support for Israel, the Camp David Accords, the Iran-Contra Affair, Marines in Lebanon, and the Iran Hostage Crisis. 19D (s)Discuss the role of contemporary government legislation in the private and public sectors such as the Community Reinvestment Act of 1977, USA PATRIOT Act of 2001, and the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009.
Ford becomes President Following the resignation of Richard Nixon in August of 1974, Gerald Ford became the nation’s 38th President.
Ford Becomes President Ford was the first and to date only person to have served as both Vice President and President of the United States without being elected.
Ford’s Presidency Saying that he wanted to save the nation the shame of having a president found guilty of a federal crime, in September 1974, Ford pardoned Nixon.
Ford Pardons Nixon A pardon is when someone is forgiven of a crime and released from the penalty of the crime.
Ford Pardons Nixon Ford’s pardon of Nixon made him unpopular with many people and made many Americans even more distrusting of the government.
Stagflation The U.S. economy in the mid-1970s was hit by “stagflation,” which is a combination of rising prices (inflation) and high unemployment.
Whip Inflation Now In response to rising inflation, Ford went before the American public in October 1974 and asked them to "Whip Inflation Now“ (WIN).
Helsinki Accords Ford continued Nixon’s policy of détente when numerous countries, including the U.S. and the Soviet Union, signed an international agreement known as the Helsinki Accords.
Helsinki Accords By signing the Helsinki Accords, the nations of the world recognized post-World War II borders and promised respect for human rights.
U.S. celebrates Bicentennial On July 4, 1976, the United States celebrated its bicentennial (200th birthday)
Election of 1976 In the Election of 1976, Democrats nominated a relative unknown, Georgia Governor Jimmy Carter, a former peanut farmer, to run against Ford. Gerald Ford, Republican Jimmy Carter, Democrat
The Carter Years Carter was liked by many because he was a Southern Democrat, he wasn’t a Washington, D.C. insider, and he promised to end corruption and clean up Washington.
Election of 1976 In a close election, Carter defeated Ford to become the nation’s 39th president. Texas was a key state in the victory for Carter.
Community Reinvestment Act of 1977 In1977 , Carter signed a bill that encouraged banks and savings associations to meet the needs of borrowers in their local communities.
Community Reinvestment Act of 1977 Passage of this law helped to reduce discriminatory practices against low and moderate-income neighborhoods.
The Carter Years But Carter’s Presidency was troubled by a poor economy and by numerous problems in the Middle East, including the Iran hostage crisis .
Middle East Turmoil Trouble began in the Middle East following World War II with the creation of Israel in 1948
Middle East Turmoil The conflict led to two wars between Israel and numerous Muslim-dominated Arab countries
Middle East Turmoil During the wars, the United States supported Israel due to our close Judea-Christian ties.
Camp David Accords One of Carter’s greatest achievements was in foreign affairs when he negotiated the Camp David Accords.
Camp David Accords Signed in September 1978, the Camp David Accords was a peace agreement between Anwar Sadat of Egypt and Menachem Begin of Israel.
Camp David Accords Carter’s work with foreign countries eventually helped earn him the Nobel Peace Prize in 2002.
Trouble Begins in Iran Before 1979, the U.S. and Iran had been close allies as the U.S. was an important oil trade partner for Iran and it’s leader, the Shah of Iran.
Trouble Begins in Iran The Shah was royalty in Iran, but was despised in his own country for “modernizing” the country, which many Iranians saw as an affront to Islam.
Iranian Revolution The 1979 oil crisis in the United States occurred in the wake of the Iranian Revolution.
Iranian Revolution Amid massive protests, the Shah fled to the U.S. in early 1979 and Muslim cleric Ayatollah Khomeini soon became the new leader of Iran.
Iran Hostage Crisis The Iran hostage crisis was a diplomatic crisis between Iran and the U.S. when 52 Americans at the U.S. embassy were captured and held hostage.
Iran Hostage Crisis The hostages were taken captive by Islamic militants in 1979 in response to the U.S. allowing the Shah to come to the United States.
Iran Hostage Crisis President Carter responded by halting oil exports from Iran, expelling many Iranians living in the U.S., and freezing Iranian government assets .
Operation Eagle Claw When economic sanctions failed to end the crisis, Carter ordered a rescue mission, which was a massive failure that led to eight deaths.
Iran Hostage Crisis Lastly, Carter tried in vain to negotiate the release of the hostages, but that failed as well.
Iran Hostage Crisis The American hostages were held in captivity for 444 days and not released until after Carter was defeated in the 1980 election and left office in 1981.
Three Mile Island accident The Three Mile Island incident occurred when a nuclear power plant in Pennsylvania had a core meltdown, which led to radioactive gases being leaked into the air.
Three Mile Island accident The incident occurred in March of 1979, led to the evacuation of nearly 200,000 people, and was the worst nuclear power accident in U.S. history.
Three Mile Island accident Although there were no deaths directly related to the accident, the incident led to a shutdown of building any new nuclear power plants.
Three Mile Island accident The incident also led to Carter creating the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, which developed strict standards for use of nuclear energy in the U.S.
Pop Culture of the 70s CB Radios Disco Bellbottoms Pet Rocks Exercising
Pop Culture of the 70s All in the Family Top TV Shows The Brady Bunch Happy Days
Pop Culture of the 70s Top in Movies
Pop Culture of the 70s Top in Music
Independent Practice Create a flow map identifying and describing key events of the Iran Hostage Crisis.
Today’s Product I will evaluate the three most important events during the Ford/Carter years and will justify why I made the choices that I made.
