EA in the Federal Enterprise Life Cycle

1. EA in the Federal Enterprise Life Cycle September 2006 Steve Decker MITRE Corporation Center for Enterprise Modernization

2. Observations “Architecting” at the Enterprise Level of a Department / Agency is not the same as architecting at the Implementation or Operations Levels... Enterprise Level difficulties result from... • Failure of Communication • Failure to identify Business, Investment, and Infrastructure Dimensions using owners language vice architects language • Failure of Time • Failure to create and use separate Master Schedule “roadmaps” for Evolution of Mission Capabilities and Enablers And last but certainly not least... • Failure to “follow the money” • Failure to identify and manage ALL funding sources necessary to deliver a mission capability The Identification of a Federal Enterprise Life Cycle and the addition of time and money Dimensions to a Department/Agency EA can correct these difficulties

3. Architecting Levels of a Dept/Agency Enterprise Cycle times POET Priority Architecting Level Strategic Planning, Policy & Oversight annual milestones • emphasis on... • Future Mission – what to do next ? • time – priority phasing • money – priority funding Enterprise Architecting P E O T Mission Capability Needs • emphasis on... • Program Execution • Integration of • People • Facilities • Systems • Support Activities Implementation months to years System Architecting P T E O Mission Capability Delivery Operations 24 / 7 / 365 Service Architecting P O E T Mission Capability Orchestration P olitical O perational (mission capabilities) E conomic (time & money) T echnical (people, facilities, systems, support activities) • emphasis on... • Mission Execution • Orchestration of Service Capabilities

4. Dept / Agency “Enterprise” in Context Executive Branch Legislative Branch Executive Branch prioritizes authorizes defines Government Mission Budget influences satisfies divided into allocated across LOBs PRM improvement opportunities (all levels) allocated across Dept / Agency Missions Departments / Agencies / Org’s Mission & Business Results Area inputs BRM DRM divided into Funding Lines* Process & Activities Area inputs SRM Line of Sight * all $$ - Capital & Non-Capital vocabulary for Mission Capabilities that fund drives Dept / Agency Mission Enablers Technology Area inputs Support Products Installations (Facilities, etc.) Workforce Services (Systems, etc.) TRM implemented into measured results OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENT Measurement Indicators that satisfies the mission Customer Results Area inputs Services to Citizens

5. Executive Branch Legislative Branch Executive Branch prioritizes authorizes defines Government Mission Budget influences allocated across satisfies divided into LOBs PRM Departments allocated across divided into DRM business BRM Programs measurement input enabled by that fund service SRM TRM measurement input drives design Facilities Technology Workforce Applications measurement input implemented into OPERATIONAL ENTERPRISE measured results How to Achieve Balance across the Enterprise? • Define Federal Enterprise Life Cycle to balance technology, money, and time priorities • Expand EA Dimensions to Support FELC Mission Planning & Control Financial Planning & Control Program Implementation The Federal Enterprise Life Cycle

6. Federal Enterprise Life Cycle Processes are comprised of these BRM Sub-Functions Federal Enterprise Life Cycle - Defined Dept / Agency Performing the Missions Allocated to the Department / Agency Operating the Department / Agency to Support Mission Performance Services for Citizens Mode of Delivery Support Delivery of Services Management of Gov Resources 3 1 4 2 • Planning & Budgeting • Strategic Planning • Budget Formulation • Capital Planning • Budget Execution • Workforce Planning • Management Improvement • Budget & Performance Integration • Tax & Fiscal Policy • Enterprise Architecture • Controls & Oversight • Corrective Action • Program Evaluation • Program Monitoring • Internal Risk Management & Mitigation • Contingency Planning • Continuity of Operations • Service Recovery • Regulatory Development • Public Affairs • Legislation Relations • General Government • Revenue Collection • Fiscal Mgmt • Accounting • Budget & Finance • Payments • Collection & Receivables • Asset & Liability Mgmt • Reporting & Information • Human Resource Mgmt • HR Strategy • Staff Acquisition • Organization & Position Mgmt • Compensation Mgmt • Benefits Mgmt • Employee Development & Performance Mgmt • Employee Relations • Labor Relations • Separation Mgmt • Administrative Mgmt • Information & Technology Mgmt • System Development • Lifecycle / Change Mgmt • System Maintenance • IT Infrastructure Maintenance • Info Sys Security • Record Retention • Information Management • Supply Chain Mgmt Same for all Agencies !!

7. Enterprise Architecture Dimensions - Defined Public Law Executive Orders Drivers Specifications CFRs These provide context Goals Initiatives Strategic Planning Objectives Mission Processes These are the financial line items - in the language of the “Budget Formulation and Execution” people These are the Business Processes - in the language of the “Operators” or “Mission Owners” Investment Portfolios Business Processes Programs, Projects Mission Capabilities These are the physical elements that are implemented into the Operational Environment, they enable the Mission Capabilities and are funded by Portfolio Programs/Projects - described in the language of the “Operators” and “Maintainers” Mission Enablers Support Products Installations (Facilities, etc.) Workforce Services (Systems, etc.) These are the sequencing plans for the Mission Capabilities, Mission Enablers, and the Programs/Projects that fund them Transition / Sequencing Enterprise Roadmap OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENT satisfies

8. EA Dimensions related to FELC Processes Public Law Executive Orders Drivers Specifications CFRs Goals Initiatives Strategic Planning Customer Result Area Objectives Business Processes Budget Formulation Mission & Business Results Area Investment Portfolios Capital Planning Business Processes Programs, Projects Controls & Oversight Budget Execution Management Improvement Management Improvement Budget and Performance Integration - Line of Sight Controls & Oversight Mission Capabilities Enablers Physical Support Products Installations Workforce Services (Systems, etc.) Technology Results Area Transition / Sequencing Enterprise Roadmap OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENT Measured Results

9. y x z Mission Capabilities are the Balancing Point for FELC Synchronization of Capability Enabler Funding Sources Orchestration of Capability Business Processes Mission Capability Interoperability of Capability Enablers Sequencing of Capability Enablers Now Next Next Target

10. Capturing Interrelationships is key to FELC Decision Making Strategic Planning Initiative Investment Portfolio Business Process 1...∞ 1...∞ 1...∞ Mission Capability Initiative Enabler Initiative Program Line Item 1...∞ 1...∞ 1...∞ Project Mission Capability 1...∞ 1...∞ 1...∞ A Mission Capability must map to at least 1 Enabler A Project must fund at least 1 Enabler Physical Enablers 1...∞ 1...∞ 1...∞ 1...∞ Workforce Installation Service Support Product These are the minimum interrelationships that must be captured to answer most time,money, and mission impact “what if” questions throughout the FELC processes...

11. Roadmaps support FELC Agency Forecast of “what to do next...” During the Budget Formulation Process for a Specific FY… Each Org Prioritizes and Refocuses their Strategic Initiatives – There must be 100% mapping to Initiatives Org Org Org Org $ $ $ $ FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 Enterprise Roadmap Capabilities Capability “A” Mission Capability Roadmap Capability “B” VISION Proposed Mission Capability/Enabler Improvement Initiatives drive FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 Enablers Workforce Enabler Roadmap Installations Services Support Products Update for Approved Budget

12. Enter Term Mission Capability n Look it up Dimensional Interrelationships – Example Cluster Diagram Product Strategy Drivers What Bus Proc are associated with “MC n”? What Projects fund “MC n”? Project m BPx: Access to Care Investments Business BPy: Laboratory Ops Project z BPz: Radiology Mission Capability n What is the schedule for “MC n”? Implementation People MC n Roadmap People M1 Infrastructure Roadmap Installations People M23 Services Systems Building C Service B Building D What Infrastructure supports “MC n”? Sys 74 Sys 99 Sys 32

13. Summary / Conclusions • At the Federal Department / Agency Level... • Enterprise Architecting is really Architecting the Enterprise • Architecting the Enterprise requires understanding of time, money, and Mission Interdependencies • Federal Enterprise Life Cycle is a useful construct for balancing enterprise interdependencies • FEA BRM defines the Business Sub-functions necessary for FELC • Mission Capabilities are a useful construct for highlighting interdependencies to support FELC decisions • Dept / Agency EAs could be expanded to support architecting at the Enterprise level • Allows creation of new products to support • FELC processes • Mission Capability definition and interdependencies • Uses existing data sources!!

14. QUESTIONS ??