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Peripheral Nervous System

Peripheral Nervous System. What do you see?. CNS AND PNS. Characteristics of the P.N.S. Nerves that branch out from brain, spinal column Not covered w/ meninges No CSF Divided into somatic and autonomic branches. 2 Divisions:. Somatic Nervous System CRANIAL & SPINAL nerves

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Peripheral Nervous System

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  1. Peripheral Nervous System

  2. What do you see? CNS AND PNS

  3. Characteristics of the P.N.S. Nerves that branch out from brain, spinal column Not covered w/ meninges No CSF Divided into somatic and autonomic branches

  4. 2 Divisions: • Somatic Nervous System • CRANIAL & SPINAL nerves • Afferent Sensory nerves • Efferent, VOLUNTARY Motor nerves • Autonomic Nervous System • Parasympathetic & Sympathetic Systems • INVOLUNTARY motor nerves • Maintains homeostasis

  5. PNS: Cranial & Spinal Nerves

  6. You’ve got a lot of nerve! (Cranial Nerves, that is!) • Twelve total • Arise from brain, passing through various foramina • Specialized tasks – some sensory, motor, or both • Some with multiple branches • Identified by Roman numeral and anatomical name

  7. Mnemonic time! “Oh, Oh, Oh, To Touch And Feel Very Green Vegetables… Aah, Heaven” …there are more out there… They help you remember… Olfactory, Optic, Oculomotor, Trochlear, Trigeminal, Abducens, Facial, Vestibulocochlear, Glossopharangeal, Vagus, Accessory, Hypoglossal

  8. Functions! • Sammy Sosa Made Money, But My Brother Says Barry Bonds Made More • S = sensory • M = motor • B = both

  9. Spinal nerves have their ups and downs… Sensory and motor

  10. PNS: Autonomic Nervous System Can you explain each of these?

  11. Autonomic Nervous System • Regulates internal environment • Controls glands, cardiac muscle, smooth muscle • Homeostasis! • Integrated with endocrine system • Digestion, sexual functions, stress responses • No conscious thought…

  12. A nervous system divided… Sympathetic Thoracic, lumbar spinal nerves Prepares body to react to stress “Fight or Flight” “S for stress” Parasympathetic • Cranial nerves, sacral spinal nerves • Promotes relaxation, digestion • “Post-stress”, P.S.

  13. It’s all about connections… • Somatic nerves: • Full length of nerve connects spinal cord to body component • Cell body in gray matter… terminus contacts effector • Autonomic nerves: • Two neurons working together • Preganglionic originates in brain/spinal cord • Myelinated • Synapses with postganglionic neuron (non-myelinated)

  14. Form follows function… • In parasympathetic nervous system… • Preganglionic neurons long, terminate close to effector (short postganglionic neuron) • Allows specific, targeted control • In sympathetic nervous system… • Preganglionic neurons short, terminate close to spinal cord (sympathetic ganglion chain) • Postganglionic neurons long, travel from ganglion to effector • Allows widespread activation of body systems

  15. Double agents? • Effectors receptive to both systems… how? • Preganglionic nerves of Symp, Parasymp NS secrete acetylcholine… • Postganglionic nerves secrete different NT’s • Parasympathetic NS  acetylcholine • Sympathetic NS  norepinephrine • Cause antagonistic effects in effector

  16. Antagonistic effects…

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