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Chapter 7. Movements Parties Interest Groups. The Political System. Inputs Outputs Feedback loop. Government Executive Legislature Judiciary. Mass public Movements Interest groups Parties Media. Adm. regulations Leg. statutes Court decisions. Madison’s Assumptions.
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Chapter 7 Movements Parties Interest Groups
The Political System InputsOutputs Feedback loop • Government • Executive • Legislature • Judiciary Mass public Movements Interest groups Parties Media Adm. regulations Leg. statutes Court decisions
Madison’s Assumptions • Human nature • Often flawed by self-interest, haste, passion, and short-sightedness • True of even the “best and the brightest” in both the mass public and the educated elites • Best approximation of the common good • Bargaining and compromise between competing interests • Rarely does one side have a monopoly on wisdom and virtue
Enduring Questions • What are the differences between: • Political movements • Political parties • Political interest groups • What are the four types of political party systems in democracies around the world? • How have movements, parties, and interest groups varied over time and place?
Definitions: • Political movements • Unorganized group of individuals sharing a common political interest or grievance • Political parties • Organized group working within government • Political interest groups • Organized group pressuring government from without
Four Types of Political Party Systems in Democracies • Two-party 1 Presidential 2 Parliamentary • Multi-party 3 Presidential 4 Parliamentary
Components of Political Parties • Party base • Individual identifiers • Interest groups • Party leaders • Within the party organization • Within government
7 Party Systems In U.S. History(p. 126)___________________________________ 1788 Founding 1824 Nation Building 1860 Civil War & Reconstruction 1896 Industrial Revolution 1932 New Deal 1968 De-alignment 2004 ??
Interest Groups • Catalyst • Shared interest or grievance • Types • Grass roots (bottom up) • Astroturf (top down) • Proliferation • Across history in the U.S. • In other nations
Recent changes inU.S. elections • Primary elections • GIS redistricting • Communications-media narrow-casting